Of course no comma
“Of course”, “of course” - the word of course is not separated by commas at the beginning of the response remark, uttered in a tone of confidence, conviction: Of course it is!
In other cases, a comma is needed.
The expressions “in general”, “in general” are isolated in the meaning of “in short, in a word”, then they are introductory.
“First of all” are isolated as introductory in the meaning of “first of all” (First of all, he is a rather capable person).
These words do not stand out in the sense of "first, first" (First of all, you need to contact a specialist).
A comma after "a", "but", etc. is not needed: "But first of all, I want to say."
When clarifying, the entire turnover is highlighted: “There is hope that these proposals, primarily from the Ministry of Finance, will not be accepted or will be changed.”
"At least", "at least" - are isolated only when inverted: "This issue was discussed twice, at least."
“In turn” - does not stand out with a comma in the meaning of “for its part”, “in response, when the turn has come”. And as introductory are isolated.
“In the literal sense” - not introductory, does not stand out with commas
"Hence". If in the meaning “therefore, thus, it means”, then commas are needed. For example: "So you, therefore, are our neighbors."
BUT! If in the meaning "therefore, because of this, based on the fact that", then the comma is needed only on the left. For example: “I found a job, so we will have more money”; “You are angry, therefore you are wrong”; "You can't bake a cake, so I'll bake it."
"Least". If in the value of "the smallest", then without commas. For example: “At least I will wash the dishes”; "He made at least a dozen mistakes."
BUT! If in the meaning of comparison with something, emotional evaluation, then with a comma. For example: “At a minimum, this approach involves control”, “For this you need, at a minimum, to understand politics.”
“That is, if”, “especially if” - a comma is usually not needed
"That is" is not an introductory word and is not separated by commas on both sides. This is a union, a comma is placed before it (and if in some contexts a comma is placed after it, then for other reasons: for example, to highlight some separate construction or subordinate clause that come after it).
For example: “It’s still five kilometers to the station, that is, an hour’s walk” (well, a comma is needed), “It’s another five kilometers to the station, that is, if you go slowly, an hour’s walk (a comma after “that is” is placed to highlight the subordinate clause "If you go slowly").
"In any case" are separated by commas as introductory if they are used in the meaning of "at least".
“Besides”, “besides this”, “besides everything (other)”, “besides everything (other)” are separated as introductory.
BUT! "Besides" is a conjunction, a comma is NOT needed. For example: "In addition to the fact that he does nothing, he also makes claims against me."
“Because of this,” “because of that,” “because of that,” and “along with that,” a comma is usually not required. Separation is optional. The presence of a comma is not an error.
"Moreover" - without a comma.
“Especially when”, “especially since”, “especially if”, etc. - a comma is needed before "especially". For example: “Such arguments are hardly needed, especially since this is a false statement”, “especially if it means”, “relax, especially since a lot of work awaits you”, “you shouldn’t sit at home, especially if your partner invites to dance."
"Moreover" - is distinguished by a comma only in the middle of the sentence (on the left).
"Nevertheless" - a comma is placed in the middle of the sentence (on the left). For example: "He decided everything, nevertheless I will try to convince him."
BUT! If “but nevertheless”, “if nevertheless”, etc., then commas are NOT needed.
If "however" means "but", then the comma on the right side is NOT put. (An exception is if it is an interjection. For example: “However, what a wind!”)
“In the end” - if in the meaning “in the end”, then the comma is NOT put.
“Really” is not separated by commas in the meaning of “really” (that is, if this is a circumstance expressed by an adverb), if it is synonymous with the adjective “real” - “real, genuine”. For example: “Her bark itself is thin, not like that of oak or pine, which are really not afraid of hot sun rays”; "You are really very tired."
"Really" can act as an introductory and stand apart. The introductory word is distinguished by intonational isolation - it expresses the speaker's confidence in the truth of the reported fact. In controversial cases, the issue of punctuation is decided by the author of the text.
“Due to the fact that” - a comma is NOT needed if it is a union, that is, if it can be replaced with “because”. For example: “As a child, he underwent a medical check-up because he fought in Vietnam”, “maybe it’s all because I love it when a person sings” (a comma is needed, because replace “because” with it is forbidden).
"Anyway". A comma is needed if the meaning is "however". Then this is an introduction. For example: "She knew that, one way or another, she would tell Anna everything."
BUT! The adverbial expression "one way or another" (the same as "one way or another" or "in any case") does NOT require punctuation. For example: "War is somehow necessary."
Always without commas:
A comma is not placed at the beginning of a sentence:
“Finally” in the meaning of “finally” - DOES NOT stand out with commas.
“And this despite the fact that ...” - in the middle of the sentence, a comma is ALWAYS put!
“Based on this, ...” - a comma is placed at the beginning of the sentence. BUT: “He did so on the basis of ...” - the comma is NOT put.
“After all, if ..., then ...” - a comma before “if” is NOT put, since the second part of the double union comes next - “then”. If there is no “then”, then a comma before “if” is put!
“Less than two years…” - a comma before “what” is NOT put, because. this is NOT a comparison.
A comma before "HOW" is placed only in case of comparison.
“Politicians such as Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov ...” - a comma is placed, because is the noun "politics".
BUT: "...politicians such as Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov ..." - a comma is NOT put before "as".
Commas are NOT included:
“God forbid”, “God forbid”, “for God's sake” - do not stand out with commas, + the word “God” is written with a small letter.
BUT: commas are placed in two directions:
“Glory to God” in the middle of a sentence is highlighted with commas on both sides (the word “God” in this case is written with a capital letter) + at the beginning of the sentence - is highlighted with a comma (on the right side).
“By God” - in these cases, commas are placed on both sides (the word “god” in this case is written with a small letter).
"My God" - separated by commas on both sides; in the middle of the sentence "God" - with a small letter.
If the introductory word can be omitted or rearranged to another place in the sentence without violating its structure (usually this happens with the unions “and” and “but”), then the union is not included in the introductory construction - the comma is NEEDED. For example: "Firstly, it became dark, and, secondly, everyone was tired."
If the introductory word cannot be removed or rearranged, then the comma after the union (usually with the union “a”) is NOT put. For example: “She just forgot about this fact, or maybe she never remembered it”, “..., and therefore ...”, “..., and maybe ...”, “..., which means ...”.
If the introductory word can be removed or rearranged, then the comma is NEEDED after the union “a”, since it is not associated with the introductory word, i.e. soldered combinations such as “and therefore”, “and by the way”, “and therefore”, “are not formed. maybe,” etc. For example: “She didn’t just not love him, but maybe even despised him.”
If at the beginning of the sentence there is a coordinating union (in an attached meaning) (“and”, “yes” in the meaning of “and”, “too”, “also”, “and then”, “otherwise”, “yes and”, “ and also ", etc.), and then the introductory word, then a comma before it is NOT needed. For example: “And really, you shouldn’t have done this”; “And perhaps it was necessary to do something differently”; “Finally, the action of the play is ordered and divided into acts”; “Besides, other circumstances came to light”; “But of course, everything ended well.”
It happens rarely: if at the beginning of the sentence there is an adjoining union, and introductory construction stands out intonationally, then commas are NEEDED. For example: "But, to my great annoyance, Shvabrin decisively announced ..."; "And, as usual, they remembered only one good thing."
The main groups of introductory words and phrases
(highlighted by commas + on both sides in the middle of a sentence)
1. Expressing the speaker's feelings (joy, regret, surprise, etc.) in connection with the message:
2. Expressing the speaker's assessment of the degree of reality of what is being reported (confidence, uncertainty, assumption, possibility, etc.):
3. Pointing to the source of the reported:
4. Pointing to the connection of thoughts, the sequence of presentation:
5. Pointing to the techniques and ways of formalizing the expressed thoughts:
6. Representing calls to the interlocutor (reader) in order to draw his attention to what is being reported, to inspire a certain attitude to the facts presented:
7. Indicating an assessment of the measure of what is being said:
8. Showing the degree of commonness of the reported:
9. Expressive statements:
Set expressions with comparison (no commas):
Do not confuse with homogeneous members.
1. The following stable expressions are NOT homogeneous and therefore are NOT separated by a comma:
(General rule: a comma is not placed inside integral expressions of a phraseological nature, formed by two words with opposite meanings, connected by a repeating union "and" or "neither")
2. NOT separated by a comma:
1) Verbs in the same form, indicating the movement and its purpose.
I'll go for a walk.
Sit down and rest.
Go take a look.
2) Forming semantic unity.
Can't wait.
Let's sit and talk.
3) Pair combinations of a synonymous, antonymous or associative nature.
Search for truth-truth.
There is no end.
Honor to all.
Let's go.
Everything is covered.
It's expensive to see.
Purchase and sale questions.
Meet with bread and salt.
Tie hand and foot.
4) Difficult words(interrogative-relative pronouns, adverbs, which are opposed to something).
Someone else, but you can't.
Already somewhere, where, and everything is there.
If the introductory word can be omitted or rearranged to another place in the sentence without violating its structure (usually this happens with the unions “and” and “but”), then the union is not included in the introductory construction - a comma need.
For example: "Firstly, it became dark, and, secondly, everyone was tired."
If the introductory word cannot be removed or rearranged, then the comma after the union (usually with the union "a") not put.
For example: “She just forgot about this fact, or maybe she never remembered it”, “..., and therefore ...”, “..., and maybe ...”, “..., which means ...”.
If the introductory word can be removed or rearranged, then the comma need after the union "a", since it is not associated with the introductory word.
For example: “She didn’t just not love him, but maybe even despised him.”
If at the beginning of the sentence there is a coordinating union (in an attached meaning) (“and”, “yes” in the meaning of “and”, “too”, “also”, “and then”, “otherwise”, “yes and”, “ and also ", etc.), and then the introductory word, then a comma before it need not.
For example: “And really, you shouldn’t have done this”; “And perhaps it was necessary to do something differently”; “Finally, the action of the play is ordered and divided into acts”; “Besides, other circumstances came to light”; “But of course, everything ended well.”
It happens rarely: if at the beginning of a sentence worth joining union, a the introductory construction is emphasized intonation, then commas are NEEDED.
For example: "But, to my great annoyance, Shvabrin decisively announced ..."; "And, as usual, they remembered only one good thing."
Always WITHOUT commas are written:
first of all
at first sight
for sure
likewise
More or less
literally
in addition
in the (final) end
in the end
last resort
best case scenario
anyway
at the same time
overall
primarily
especially
in some cases
no matter what
subsequently
otherwise
as a result
concerning
in this case
in the same time
in this regard
mainly
often
exclusively
as a maximum
meanwhile
just in case
in case of emergency
if possible
as far as possible
still
practically
approximately
with all (with) that
with (all) desire
on occasion
likewise
the biggest
at least
actually
in addition
to top it off
by the proposal
by decree
by decision
traditionally
A comma is NOT placed at the beginning of a sentence:
“Before… I was…”
"Since…"
"Before as…"
"Though…"
"As…"
"In order to…"
"Instead of…"
“Actually…”
"While…"
"Besides..."
"However…"
“Despite the fact that ...” (at the same time - separately); DO NOT put a comma before "what".
"If…"
"After…"
“And…”
« Finally" in the meaning of "finally" - does not stand out with commas.
« And this despite the fact that…"- in the middle of a sentence, a comma is always placed!
« Based on this, …"- a comma is placed at the beginning of the sentence.
BUT: “He did so on the basis of ...” - the comma is not put.
« After all, if...then..."- a comma before "if" is not put, since the second part of the double union - "then" goes on. If there is no “then”, then a comma before “if” is put!
« Less than two years..."- a comma before "what" is not put, because this is not a comparison.
comma before "how" put only in case of comparison.
« Policies such as Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov ... ”- a comma is placed, because is the noun "politics".
BUT: "… politicians such as Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov ... ”- no comma is placed before“ how ”.
No commas are placed:
"God forbid", "God forbid", "for God's sake"- no commas stand out, + the word "god" is written with a small letter.
BUT: commas are placed in two directions:
"Thank God" in the middle of the sentence it is separated by commas on both sides (the word "God" in this case is capitalized) + at the beginning of the sentence - it is distinguished by a comma (on the right side).
"God"- in these cases, commas are placed on both sides (the word "god" in this case is written with a small letter).
"Oh my God"- separated by commas on both sides; in the middle of the sentence "God" - with a small letter.
Hello! Please, I need an answer to the question: "He and his team are reconstructing / reconstructing old weapons with high quality" - no or no? Thanks for the answer! Konstantin
V this case correct use of the predicate in the form of units. h.
Question No. 300139 | ||
Hello, please tell me in which case the topic of the lesson when writing a lesson summary should be written in quotation marks. For example, is it necessary to put quotes in this case: the topic of the lesson is "Hand drill", or the lesson on the topic "Hand drill".
Answer help desk Russian language
Correct: the topic of the lesson is hand drill; lesson on the topic "Hand drill".
Question No. 300091 | ||
Please tell me if the sentence is correct: My grandmother and her sister remembered ..? Or did she remember?
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
In this case it's better: My grandmother and her sister recalled...
Question No. 300074 | ||
Good evening, dear editors of the portal "Gramota.Ru" - I turn to you with the following question: is it possible to separate the word "precisely" in the following sentence? I am pleased with the fact that there are people who do not react to everything in a row as an attempt to find fault with their words - this is (,) exactly (,) black humor and nothing more. P.S: In principle, I know that the word "precisely" is not an introductory word and, rather, is an adverb, but in this case it seems to be synonymous with the introductory combination "actually", because this word can safely be omitted from the sentence presented above - while the essence of the sentence itself, it seems to me, will remain unchanged. I am very interested in your opinion on this matter. Thanks in advance.
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
To isolate a word exactly there is no basis for this proposal.
Question #299939 | ||
Hello. Tell me, please, is it necessary to put a dash in the phrase "an idea is just fire!" Or in this case, the colloquial word "just" can replace this dash?
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
The dash is not put (because of the word simply).
Question #299930 | ||
Good day. There is a text in which the sentence is used: "By nationality - Ukrainian." Missing the word "I", which is restored from the context. Tell me, please, what rule can explain the setting of a dash in this case?
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
In this case, it is possible to set an intonation-logical dash.
Question #299846 | ||
How are the names of foreign haircuts spelled correctly? For example, a quiff haircut or a quiff haircut? Haircut Fade or fade? Which rule applies in this case?
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
Right: quiff haircut.
Question #299844 | ||
Tell me, please, is it possible to get a competent opinion on the most banal, nevertheless controversial issue for the mother of a 3rd grade student. The word "finds" in the sentence: "At night bat finds its own food "how to properly disassemble the composition? Teachers unequivocally say that the root in this case is “move”. Parents, children and many others who are not indifferent are inclined to the “find” option. The Internet is full of information, but it is difficult to trust it. In my opinion, in this case we are talking about the fusion of the root and the prefix, and, as a result, the prefix is no longer distinguished and forms the root “find” (find, find, find). In turn, teachers argue that the root is “move”, since, for example, in the words it is necessary, arrival, the meaning of “move”, “walk” is also absent, but at the same time the root here is “move”. Also, one of the arguments is the inability to create a word with a prefix, provided that the root is “found” (that is, the prefix already exists) Thank you in advance if an answer follows.
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
And the root of the word find in the meaning of "bump; walk some distance on foot" (for example, find twenty kilometers in a day): move-.
Question #299808 | ||
He was uncomfortable with the silence that hung in the air. But (,) what to say, he did not know. Is the specified comma necessary before "what" in this case? Thanks!
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
Since the coordinating union and the allied word are at the very beginning of the sentence, a comma is not required.
Question No. 299722 | ||
Good day! For me, the issue of writing the abbreviation KhMAO - Yugra is still burning. How to write correctly: KhMAO-Yugra, KhMAO - Yugra, KhMAO-Yugra? What rule to follow? The letter already gave an answer to this question under the number 227938, however, without explaining the spelling, about hyphenated spelling this abbreviation. I believe that in the acronym, as in full version, you should write a dash with spaces. Perhaps I am mistaken, so I ask you to clarify which rule should be followed in this case. The question is important because the abbreviation is often found in the texts, and with it the controversy in spelling. Thanks! Sincerely, Pero
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
Word Yugra in this case it acts as an application.
Combinations with single-word applications following the word being defined are written with a hyphen: KhMAO-Yugra.
If in combination with the application one of the parts contains a space, a dash is used instead of a hyphen: Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra.
Question No. 299721 | ||
Good day! Could you tell me if a comma is needed after as in this case: "This haunts me like an obsession"? Is "like an obsession" a comparative expression that has become a fixed expression? Thanks a lot for help!
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
This turnover is not among the stable, a comma before how needed.
Question #299693 | ||
How to correctly apply the increments of numerals in this case: "the interval has been increased from 2 to 5 seconds"? Are extensions required here at all?
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
Cardinal numbers are written without extensions. Right: interval increased from 2 to 5 seconds.
Question #299677 | ||
From an amateur translation: There is no longer anyone in the UK who does not know the young master. Here is neither or is it not?
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
In this case, you should write no: There is no one in the UK who does not know the young master.
Question #299670 | ||
Good day! Could you tell me, please, in what number it is correct to use a noun in this case. "Pinch the device between thumb and forefinger" or "Pinch the device between thumb and index fingers"?
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
Right: Hold the device between your thumb and forefinger.
Question #299644 | ||
They stood around the square, in this case t AROUND - a preposition or adverb
The answer of the reference service of the Russian language
In this case, it's a suggestion.
THE PERSON HOLDING THIS POSITION was second only to the Fleet Commander. And let the chiefs of naval staffs and other deputy commanders forgive me, as well as ship commanders - "the main figures in the fleet" and sailors - "the main naval movers", but the fact is the fact: the fleet has always been represented at all levels and two people were responsible for everything . And although the generation of sailors at the beginning of the 21st century does not know about it.
Probably, unfortunately, he no longer knows, although he would need to know in order to understand how their predecessors served and lived for several decades in the history of the Russian Navy - from the time of the Great Patriotic War to the collapse of the USSR. In fact, during a whole era - from the realities of the Soviet coastal fleet to its heyday in the oceanic format. Without the “word and deed” of PMCs, nothing would have taken place and nothing would have happened, because they were an integral part of the system government controlled, based on the "three pillars" - the CPSU, the KGB and, of course, the Army and Navy.
IN OUR EXCLUSIVELY PERSONALIZED COUNTRY, it is customary to associate specific eras with specific personalities: “under Stalin”, “under Nikita”, “under Ilyich” ... In the same way, naval history is divided into certain segments: “under Sysoev”, “under Khovrin”, “under Kasatonov". But there is a division on a different scale, it is associated with the service of naval commanders of other ranks and fields of activity.
“Under Ivan Semyonovich”, “under Pavel Nikolaevich”, “under Rudolf Nikolaevich” ... The “first persons” who headed the naval political education department differed both in personal qualities and in the style of their work, which was largely determined by the time. And although it makes no sense to compare their activities - people are different - it should still be noted: the role of PMCs was very weighty, significant, and their authority was indisputable.
VLADILEN PETROVICH NEKRASOV headed the Political Directorate of the Black Sea Fleet in December 1985, perestroika. Then they started talking not only about perestroika, but also about acceleration, coupled with the fight against drunkenness. Then there was unbridled glasnost, large-scale democratization, "renewal" of the party, which ultimately transformed into "new thinking for our country and the whole world." Then "our country" was gone... But the Black Sea Fleet remained...
He remained in his historical bases, most of which suddenly ended up on the territory of Ukraine that became independent. Naturally, the Black Sea also remained - admirals and generals, officers, midshipmen and ensigns, members of their families, sailors, "conscripts", workers and employees of naval enterprises, institutions and units, veterans. The realities of the post-Soviet era, along with the fleet division, fell on their heads and other parts of the body, along with the “habitat”. Questions - a lot, problems - darkness ...
Meanwhile, of course, the Black Sea Fleet continued to carry out its responsible tasks in almost full scope. In some ways, however, its activity has decreased, but in some ways it has increased significantly. And the overall success of the Black Sea people was largely determined by the recent subordinates of a member of the Military Council of the Fleet - the head of the Political Directorate of the Black Sea Fleet, Vice Admiral V.P. Nekrasov. The fact that political officers did not eat their bread in vain, many chiefs in the fleet realized in full only after their institute began to "reform" to the state of abolition. The 90s of the last century, as well as subsequent decades, convincingly and unequivocally proved: in our country, without subject and permanent job With " human factor"In the Army and the Navy is indispensable. And it is necessary to work in this "niche" substantively and professionally.
THIS IS THE DESTINY ORDERING: Vice Admiral Vladilen Petrovich Nekrasov became the last head of the Military-Political Directorate of the Black Sea Fleet. The latter, as you know, is the hardest. Not physically, mentally. But the last and the last are remembered best of all - Stirlitz spoke about this ...
Vice-Admiral V.P. Nekrasov was remembered by the Chernomorians for his thoughtful, balanced attitude to any business. His unchanging outward calmness and prudence gave a sense of stability, engendered in people faith in their own strength. I judge this on the basis of personal experience.
It is not customary to evaluate superiors by subordinates. Officially public. But all the same, each of us mentally assesses our commanders. Sometimes even "deuces" - where without it, without such categoricalness? I will say about Vladilen Petrovich: communication with him never caused me negative emotions. I always received from him the approval of plans and support in business, even at the time of the "reform" of everything and everything. I am sure that the overwhelming majority of officers who happened to work with Vladilen Petrovich can say the same thing. I have never seen Nekrasov “throwing lightning”, although he knew how to ask strictly, as they say, at a highly professional level.
UNLIKE MANY BLACK SEA ADMIRALS, he did not part with Sevastopol, 23 years before "returning to his native harbor" living in the Hero City. This, in my opinion, not only speaks volumes, but is even indicative - the Russians not only do not abandon their own, but also do not betray their shrines, from the outside pretending that they love the city of Russian glory.
On July 17 of this year, Vladilen Petrovich Nekrasov turned 82 years old. The last of them he was seriously ill. And although he no longer left his apartment, he never broke away from naval affairs. And this is natural - for him the fleet became life.
Generally life path admiral, the passage of his service in a good way can be envied by many. A boy from the Yaroslavl hinterland, who went through a harsh post-war school in the village, was drafted into the navy, became a Pacific sailor. Political school cadet, officer who happened to serve in all fleets Soviet Union, a member of the Military Council - the head of the political department of the Caspian Flotilla - Vladilen Petrovich passed these steps of the service gangway in less than three decades. Hundreds of officers-educators became his students - V.P. Nekrasov in 1983-1985 was the head of the Kiev VVMPU. Then - the leadership of the Political Directorate of the Black Sea Fleet.