good choice microwave oven It's not an easy task, but it's easy to do. It is important to take into account a dozen parameters, evaluate the everyday tasks that the microwave oven will “solve”, and also deal with the functions that are relevant for you.
Modern microwave ovens are divided into three types, but their cost within each group may differ several times:
1. Microwave ovens, otherwise referred to as solo ovens. The cheapest segment - you can buy a device for 1.5-2 thousand rubles, but there are expensive models with great design and quality of internal parts from advanced brands like Bork and Gorenje, the cost of which can reach 10 thousand rubles.
Solo ovens are used for reheating food, defrosting food and cooking some dishes in automatic programs (eg pizza, vegetables, fish, soups and cereals).
The cheapest options for such ovens are suitable for completing an office or workplace where there is a need to heat food. Models are more expensive, with a set additional features and programs - a great option for the home, if a quality oven is used for the main preparation of dishes.
2. Grill ovens. They combine the possibility of standard heating and cooking rather complex dishes from vegetables, meat, fish. The cost of such a device starts from 3-4 thousand rubles. A microwave oven with a grill can replace the oven if you love to cook dishes with “that very crispy crust”.
3.Ovens with grill, microwaves and convection. If you want to choose a microwave that will become a complete replacement for the oven, then this is perfect choice. The convection function gives you endless possibilities for culinary creativity, providing highest quality cooked meals. The cost of such furnaces starts from 7-8 thousand rubles. In ovens with convection, 10 or even 20 automatic cooking programs are implemented, as well as the possibility of combining modes:
Convection is a function implemented by the fan installed in the microwave oven. With its help, streams of hot air are created, which heat food better and faster than a grill or simple microwaves.
4. Another type is inverter ovens. More often, this technology is used in appliances with a grill and convection in order to reduce the space occupied in the kitchen. In these furnaces, the hardware is reduced as much as possible, and the volume of the chamber is increased. Inverter ovens use energy "intelligently" by automatically adjusting the temperature during the cooking process. Panasonic pays great attention to inverter ovens; models with this technology are rare among other manufacturers.
Much in this matter depends on the available budget, but even if you have 20 thousand to spend on a stove, the most expensive model with a set of many functions will not always be relevant. For example, ovens with a volume of 30-40 liters will occupy a significant part of the kitchen space, but only the warm-up mode will be used. In this case, reasonable right choice- solo oven.
Microwave ovens are equipped with chambers from 12 to 40 liters. The largest volume is more common in convection microwave ovens, as this allows you to fit a large amount of food and whole carcasses of birds into the device, as in a conventional oven. The oven for heating is equipped with a chamber of 12-17 liters, this is quite enough for defrosting and preparing simple dishes.
Choosing a microwave in accordance with the number of people in the family is not the most the right decision, as some people like to cook a lot at once, so that it lasts for 3-4 days. But if you prefer fresh meals and choose in favor of an oven with a grill or convection, then 20-30 liters will be enough.
Secret: to reduce the space occupied by the oven, pay attention to back wall device. If it is convex, then this will slightly increase its volume.
The power of microwave ovens depends on their type:
If electricity is very expensive in your area, and you cook often, then it is quite appropriate to purchase a microwave with less power.
There are two types of grill used in microwave ovens:
Quartz grills are equipped with expensive models of microwave ovens for the home.
Microwaves are equipped with three types of push-button mechanisms. The first is mechanical control. It has round handles, usually 2 or 3. They regulate the time and temperature. The advantages of such a mechanism: rarely breaks, clear control. Cons: Difficult to clean, impossible to set seconds. The cheapest models are usually equipped with mechanical control, but you can find a combination of electronics and mechanics in the middle segment.
Button control. Microwaves with such a system have an attractive appearance, allow you to easily set programs and seconds. But dirt accumulates between the buttons, which is difficult to clean.
Touch control. An expensive version of electronics that looks flawless, but often breaks due to power surges. The most important plus is ease of care. It is easy to wipe the touch panel, dirt does not accumulate on it, unlike buttons and mechanics.
Modern equipment reliably protects you from outgoing radiation. For this, a special coating is provided for both the chamber and the appliance door (a special mesh on the glass). To make sure that the necessary protection is available, check the device certificate: it should say that the device has been tested according to 4 levels of security.
Advice: when choosing a microwave according to its parameters, test it for protection against outgoing waves. To do this, put the phone in the oven, close it and call from another mobile. If the signal passes without problems, the protection of the furnace is not the best. If there is no signal, then the device does not pass microwaves at all.
If we analyze the parameters above, we can conclude that a microwave oven for heating:
If there are children in the family, then it is better to give preference to a microwave oven with push-button or touch controls, since the second-by-second heating of children's products is in high demand.
Every self-respecting brand, except perhaps the high segment, offers a wide selection of microwave ovens. Selection based on customer reviews and analysis specifications appliances.
One of the cheapest models Russian assembly. Designed for heating and defrosting. Also, the pluses include Russified mechanical control and heat-resistant enamel coating. The minus of the model is that there are no additional functions, a small area of the rotating plate.
Inexpensive model designed for heating food. Pros: heat-resistant enamel, 5 power modes, mechanical control. Of the minuses, one can single out only the lack of an automatic mode for defrosting products.
A more expensive microwave option for heating. Combines best options: power 800 W, bioceramic coating with antibacterial effect, 30 automatic programs for cooking popular Russian recipes. The oven has push-button control, there is an automatic defrosting function. The volume of the oven is 20 liters. A minor minus is the dark glass of the door.
Inverter oven with grill. Possesses stylish design, perfectly warms up food. Microwave power - 1000 watts. Inside, the device is covered with heat-resistant enamel, and the volume of the chamber is 27 liters. The best option for a small family. Of the minuses - touch control.
Great microwave oven for the home with a 900W grill. Inside is made of stainless steel, externally - impeccable German elegance. The volume of the microwave is 25 liters. It has a child lock. Of the minuses - an unpleasant loud squeak and a small number of automatic programs.
Incredibly stylish black microwave with 900W quartz grill. The stainless steel interior and child lock are the undoubted pluses of the model. Equipped with a large number of automatic programs and modes, only touch control can be distinguished from the minuses.
The standard of German quality is a microwave with a quartz grill. The power of the waves is 700 watts, and the grill is 1000 watts. Stylish silver design and comfortable handle. The device provides push-button control, many automatic programs. There are no downsides to this technique.
Elegant built-in oven with grill and convection. Push-button control and high-quality interior coating that is easy to clean. Several automatic programs help you cook flawlessly delicious dishes as quickly as possible. Of the shortcomings of the equipment, only its cost, close to 20 thousand rubles, can be noted.
Stylish microwave oven with grill and convection. Pros: quartz grill, a set of optimal functions and automatic programs, grill power 1100 W, child lock. Of the minuses - the price and a small volume of 25 liters.
Watch a helpful video on how to choose a microwave oven:
A properly selected microwave oven is a reliable assistant in the kitchen, which will ensure quick heating and defrosting of food. When choosing multifunctional model with the grill and convection mode, you will get very tasty dishes and, most importantly, healthy. After all, a good microwave oven, subject to the correct temperature regime saves 2-3 times more vitamins in foods!
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Along with the refrigerator and stove, the microwave oven has become an integral part of the modern kitchen. As a rule, it is used to heat food and defrost meat, but the functions of a microwave oven are not limited to this. Some models are able to bake, steam, and even equipped with a grill function. In the desire to acquire such a useful assistant, we go to stores household appliances and on Internet platforms, and there hundreds and even thousands of models are waiting for us. How to understand how one differs from the other, if they look almost the same, and the difference in price is several times? Let's figure it out together. We collected all the information, highlighted the most important and found the secrets, so now we know exactly how to choose a microwave for your home. We will be happy to share our discoveries with you, trying to state everything briefly, clearly and to the point.
Ten years ago, television programs vying they intimidated us that terribly harmful rays come from the microwave. The population was afraid, they passed on what they heard to each other, and the results of this damaged telephone were sometimes unpredictable. Recently, the network discussed how grandmothers in line at the clinic said that the microwave changes the structure of DNA. Jokes are jokes, but such facts emerge from insufficient awareness.
How does a microwave oven heat food? The microwaves it generates set the water molecules in the food in motion. They begin to move faster and faster, which causes heating. Remember how in physics class they talked about the transition kinetic energy into potential? This is what it is.
Should we be afraid of modern microwaves? No, it's not worth it. The thing is that each such device receives several levels of protection, preventing microwave radiation from in any way affecting our body. Firstly, the door fits snugly, and if you open it, the microwave will turn off. Secondly, on inside The device has a safety net. Thirdly, there is also an electromagnetic "trap". If this is not enough for you, then we add that all modern furnaces undergo mandatory certification with the passage of 4 levels of quality control and a radiation test. 
Output: microwave is very convenient, but not scary, and our myths, probably, in a century, our children will compare with the fear of riding the first trains and watching the first films. Unpleasant consequences can only occur if for a long time every day for 8 hours you are at a distance of less than 5 cm from the microwave, but imagine similar situation difficult. Note that repairing the oven yourself is not worth it - this is just the same unsafe.
Now you can safely proceed directly to the issues of choosing a microwave oven. 
Why are you looking for a microwave oven? To quickly reheat and defrost food? Or in order to bake meat with a crispy crust and cook other culinary masterpieces? The answer to this question depends on the type of equipment., or rather its functions, and, of course, the price.
All those microwaves that you see in the store can be divided into the following main groups:
In this case, the microwave equipped with microwave emitter only, due to which the product is processed. These devices are easy to handle heating and defrosting They also know how to cook simple meals. Naturally, the price of these microwave ovens is the most affordable. This is a great option for the home if you prefer to cook on the stove and in the oven, and plan to use the microwave oven to quickly heat up food. Often such furnaces are also taken for offices. In this case, the simplest device that can heat the finished dish will fit - no other modes will be needed.
Note! Previously, ovens were sold with only one microwave emitter, so many complained that it was impossible to cook in microwaves, as the dishes remained raw. Many changes have taken place since then, but distrust of microwaves persists. Most modern ovens two or even three microwave generators, which emit waves in different directions, they are reflected from the walls and evenly distributed, providing high-quality heating and even cooking. 
Such devices can affect the product not only with microwave radiation, but also with heaters (grill), due to which the microwave turns into a direct competitor to the oven. In this oven you can cook complex dishes and bake food until crispy. If the family loves to eat meat, and the hostess boldly goes for culinary experiments, then such a microwave will come in handy.
The grill function is ensured by the presence heating elements, which can be of two types:
In some microwave ovens you can find both heating elements, so that browning and creating an appetizing crust will be as simple as possible. 
Such an oven Easily replaces a conventional oven. A fan is added to the microwave emitter and heating elements. Due to it, convection is provided. Roughly speaking, the fan overtakes warm air, it is distributed evenly, due to which heating occurs quickly and evenly.
By combining convection, grill and microwave radiation, you can cook any dishes with the most in unimaginable ways . There are about 20 programs in such microwave ovens, there is a manual mode, so the possibilities are limited only by your imagination.
Panasonic releases inverter microwave ovens with convection and grill. One of their differences is the increased volume of the chamber, which is achieved by reducing the size of the hardware. The main feature is automatic control temperature, which allows you to cook with significant energy savings. 
It's still rare items on the market, and something tells us that they are not destined to become popular. Yes, the device turns out to be multifunctional: you can get a harmful crust in it, and cook healthy steamed vegetables easily, but you will have to pay a lot for it, and such a stove will take up much more space than its simpler counterparts. 
Glancing at the shelves with microwaves, it is easy to see that even visually they differ in size. The volume of the most compact is only 12-13 liters, but there are monsters with volume up to 42 l. Which microwave is best? The answer is simple - the one that will cover your needs:
The more powerful the microwave, the faster it will heat/defrost/bake. As a rule, the larger the furnace, the higher the power. This indicator ranges from 300 W to 2 kW. More is not always better. Here, as in the case of size, it is necessary to build on your own requirements:
In all modern microwave ovens, the power can be adjusted. Older analogues of this feature are deprived.
Note! The power of the microwaves themselves, as a rule, is 700-1000 W, the rest is the power of convection and grill. Let's say the power of the microwave emitter is 800 watts, the grill is 700 watts, and the convection is 600 watts. Running everything together, we get a power of 2.1 kW. It doesn’t hurt to figure out in advance whether such a monster will be pulled by home wiring. 
Often we evaluate the microwave externally. For many, it is enough that the stove can heat up and look pretty. The result can be disappointment. Before buying, it doesn’t hurt to look inside the stove and understand what its walls are covered with:
The cheapest microwave ovens use enamel imitation. There is no question of safety and durability, and after a few months, pseudo-enamel begins to crack and crumble. Do not take microwaves from little-known manufacturers that offer too low prices.
The answer is the same. It all depends on your personal preferences. Someone just wants to simplify the process of daily heating food, and someone is going to use a microwave oven for cooking. Naturally, the functionality in these cases will require different.
We will list the main features of modern microwave ovens, and you yourself choose which of all this you really need:
It is foolish to overpay for functions that will not be used, so soberly, without hype, evaluate your requirements for a microwave oven.
Often, manufacturers complete microwave ovens with grills, trays, skewers, and even some utensils. You can use ceramic, glass or porcelain dishes. No metal plates and utensils with a metal border. The plastic must have a special marking that allows heating in the microwave.
One more important element, which must be noted when answering the question of how to choose a microwave for the home, is controls. The comfort of work will depend on their convenience and logic. There are several options for implementing controls:
The microwave can be built into kitchen set and can be placed on a work surface. The built-in stove looks like part of a single whole, takes up a minimum of space, but costs more. If kitchen interior already formed, it is better to take an ordinary free-standing microwave. It is placed on a work surface or on a specially fixed shelf, so as not to take away useful centimeters of the countertop. 
If there is very little space in the kitchen, then take the most compact stove. By the way, any microwave oven, if desired, can be built into the kitchen set by building a box frame for it. 
Please also consider the following when purchasing:
For added convenience, you can purchase a bookcase to put two plates in the oven at once. It is also better to take a special plastic cap that will protect the walls from splashes and make it easier for you to care for the stove.
A microwave oven, or microwave oven, is an almost indispensable attribute of any Russian cuisine. Why is this household appliance so common? The point is its speed - the heating time in the microwave is measured in seconds, while on the stove it will take much longer. Convenience also plays an important role - the microwave is small in size and will fit even in the smallest "Khrushchev". And if there is no stove and there is no way to put it? The microwave can replace it in many ways!
The American physicist Percy Spencer is considered to be the "father" of the microwave oven. He developed microwave emitters, and during his experiments he noticed that organic matter is heated under the influence of microwaves. How exactly this happened, history is silent, but there are two most common versions: according to one of them, he absentmindedly forgot a sandwich on the appliance, and when he remembered it, he was already very warm. The second version claims that Spencer carried a chocolate bar in his pocket, which naturally melted under the influence of microwave frequencies.
One way or another, having discovered the "food" properties of microwave radiation in 1942, already at 45, the physicist received a patent for his invention. And two years later, in 1947, the US military warmed up their breakfasts, lunches and dinners in the microwave. Whatever the microwave oven did, the military did not care about the principle of operation of its mechanism - the main thing was that it gave a quick result. True, the microwave in the 40s was still "not the same" - the weight of the device exceeded 300 kilograms!
Then Sharp took over the business - already in the 62nd it released "to the people" the first model of a consumer microwave oven. She did not cause a special surge of interest, because the use of microwave radiation scared away buyers. Later, the same company invented the "rotating plate", and in the 79th - the electronic control system.
A microwave oven consists of several mandatory parts:
Additional elements of the microwave oven are: for more uniform heating of food, electronics for controlling various modes, a timer, a fan.
Despite the seeming "magic" that the microwave has, the principle of operation is absolutely scientific and logical. Almost any food contains molecules of water and other elements that have both positive and negative charges. With absence magnetic field charges in molecules are arranged randomly, randomly. A strong magnetic field instantly organizes electric charges- they become directed strictly in accordance with the course of the magnetic field lines.
The peculiarity of microwave radiation is that it "flips" dipole molecules not just quickly, but unimaginably - almost 5 billion times per second! Molecules move in accordance with the change in the magnetic field, and the highest speed of "switching" literally creates a friction effect. It is thanks to this that food in the microwave is heated in a few seconds.
What are microwave ovens and how do they differ from each other:
Despite the difference in details, a $20 microwave oven and a $200 microwave oven are still the same microwave. The principle of operation is the same.
One of the most interesting extras for a microwave oven is hot steam. This addition does not allow the products to dry out, and they also cook much faster. Here you can also add airing the chamber - despite its seeming insignificance, for many housewives this function has become saving - now their vegetables do not smell like fish, and fish - like apples.
Camera dividers. Various racks allow you to cook several portions at the same time. The disadvantages of this function include the lack of rotation, which makes the heating of food less uniform.
"Crisp" - a special plate for the microwave, allows you to cook in it just like in a frying pan. Made from it "holds" the temperature up to 200 degrees.
Mica. Why mica in the microwave? It protects the waveguide from various pollution and extends the life of the device.
Dual beam function. How does a microwave oven work? The device and principle of operation of such a microwave oven differ only in the presence of two sources of high-frequency radiation. This allows you to achieve better and more uniform heating of food.
Built-in cookbook. An expensive feature, but for those who like to eat delicious food without spending a lot of time and intellectual effort on it, this is it.
Quite often, ordinary people are concerned about the question of whether a microwave is dangerous to health. Its principle of operation, of course, is based on microwave radiation. But there is no need to be afraid of this.
A fully functional microwave oven poses no greater danger to the consumer than a computer or TV. Contrary to persistent myths, the radiation from the microwave is not radioactive or carcinogenic, and the microwave does not start to "radiate" after a couple of months of operation.
Microwave radiation can really cause a serious burn, but to achieve this from your home microwave, you have to sweat - even the cheapest models are equipped with multi-level protection. And, for example, sticking your hand into the switched on device will not work - the automation will immediately turn off the power.
It is best if the microwave plate that you are going to use in the microwave oven is specialized, with the appropriate marking. This includes, for example, heat-resistant glassware sets. If you do not have one at hand, then pay attention to the following recommendations:
The most unsuitable plate for the microwave is metal. From high-frequency radiation, it begins to spark, and this will soon send you to look for an institution where microwave ovens are repaired.
The instructions for the microwave will help you with this. It specifies which special detergents it should be cleaned. There is no shortage of them, but it is worth buying them right away, with a microwave. Do not delay cleaning - you will have to scrub the repeatedly heated and compressed fat on the walls of the chamber for a painfully long time, cursing everything in the world, and daily cleaning will come down to a few light movements with a rag. If you nevertheless achieved the formation of "ancient deposits", then before washing, put a glass of water in the oven for a minute and turn on the maximum mode. Grease and dirt will swell and wash off much easier.
A lady in the US won a lawsuit after she "dry" her cat in the microwave. In the statement of claim, she indicated that she did not know that "you can not dry cats in the microwave."
Despite the well-known fact that raw chicken eggs explode in the microwave, enthusiasts around the world are trying to figure out a way to get around this problem - pierce a hole in the shell, wrap it in a special film. But despite their best efforts, the eggs still explode.
Recently, a fake message blew up on the Internet that new model iPhone can be recharged from a microwave. It is not known how many smartphone owners fell for this prank, but dozens of photos with broken iPhones speak for themselves.
It is difficult to imagine a person who does not use today household appliances, because it is designed to fulfill any homework, saving at the same time forces and precious time of owners. For example, a microwave oven, or as it is also called a microwave oven, in addition to the usual heating of food, has many other various modes: defrosting, grilling, double boiler, convection, etc. In this article, we will tell you how to choose a microwave oven for your home in 2018 and what to look for when buying so as not to overpay extra money. Since the choice of microwaves in household appliances stores is very large, therefore, first decide on the following important parameters: what should be the volume of your future microwave oven, its power, functions performed, etc. Next, we will talk in more detail about the choice of each parameter.
This characteristic is dominant, since both the volume of the dish that can be placed in the inner chamber and the planning of space in the kitchen depend on it. Choosing a microwave by volume is more than simple:
An important parameter for choosing microwave ovens for the home is the power of their microwaves: the larger it is, the faster the cooking processes will be. To choose the right microwave in terms of power in 2018, be guided by the following modes:
Of course, when choosing a microwave oven for your home, you will certainly want it to be multifunctional, inexpensive, but of high quality. We offer to find out exactly what functions a modern microwave oven should be able to perform. So, in order to choose the right microwave in 2018 and not overpay extra money, pay attention to the following set of functions:
Help consultant when buying a microwave
As for firms, in 2018 the best performers were LG, Samsung, Bosch, BBK, Electrolux, Vitek and Candy. In the price-quality category, these brands are the best, as evidenced by their leadership in the global market!
I would also like to bring to your attention our own rating of the best microwaves in 2018, which will be chosen right decision. All models listed below are optimal in terms of price and quality.
Inexpensive free-standing models (up to 5000 rubles):
Optimal in price and quality built-in microwave ovens:
5 best microwave ovens with grill and convection:
We hope that our advice helped you in answering the question - how to choose a microwave oven for your home in 2018 in terms of power and volume, as well as which company is better for domestic use. Of course, the influencing factors when choosing a microwave oven will also be the prices for equipment and reviews on the forums from those who have already purchased this or that model and know how safe, reliable and convenient it is to use.
The microwave oven has firmly entered into use and has become one of the indispensable attributes of any apartment. This household appliance allows you to heat up or cook food in a matter of minutes with the help of radiation invisible to the eye.
But in order to find out where this radiation comes from and how safe it is for humans, it is necessary to understand the device and principle of operation of the microwave oven magnetron, which is the generator of high-frequency waves.
Magnetron
Microwave is called electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 1 mm to 1 m. This type radiation is used not only for domestic purposes, but also in navigation and radar systems, and also ensures the operation cellular communication and satellite TV.
Microwaves can be generated both artificially and naturally (for example, in the Sun). Another name for microwaves is microwave radiation, or microwave.
In all types of household microwaves, a single radiation frequency is set equal to 2450 MHz. This value is an international standard that household appliance manufacturers must strictly adhere to so that their products do not interfere with other microwave devices.
microwave radiation
The thermal effect of microwave radiation was discovered by the American physicist Percy Spencer in 1942. It was he who patented the use of a device that generates microwaves for cooking, thereby laying the foundation for the use of microwave ovens in everyday life.
In the next few decades, this technology was perfected, which made it possible to mass-produce simple and inexpensive devices for fast.
To heat any material in a microwave oven, it must contain dipole molecules, that is, molecules that have opposite electrical charges at both ends.
IN food products their main source is water. Under the influence of microwave radiation, these molecules begin to line up along lines of force electromagnetic field, changing its direction about 5 billion times per second. The friction that occurs between them is accompanied by the release of heat, which heats the food.
However, microwaves are not able to penetrate deeper than 2-3 cm from the surface of the product, so everything under this layer is warmed up due to heat conduction from heated areas.
Heating food with a microwave
In most types of microwave technology, a magnetron is a generator of microwave oscillations. Devices that are similar in their principle of operation - klystrons and platinotrons, are not so widespread. The magnetron was first used in microwave ovens in 1960. Most often in technology, a multicavity magnetron is used, consisting of several components:
Magnetron device
Due to the simplicity of design and low cost, magnetrons have found application in many areas, but they are most widely used:
Magnetrons in radar
The operation of the microwave oven is based on the transformation electrical energy into ultra-high frequency electromagnetic radiation, which sets in motion the water molecules found in food. Dipole molecules, constantly changing direction, generate heat, which allows you to quickly heat the products, while maintaining them beneficial features. The device that generates microwaves is the magnetron.
The magnetron, in fact, is an electrovacuum diode, in which the phenomenon of thermionic emission is used. This phenomenon occurs in the process of heating the surface of the emitter or cathode. Under the influence of high temperature, the most active electrons tend to leave its surface, but this will only happen when voltage is applied to the anode. This gives rise to electric field, and the electrons begin to move towards the anode, heading along its lines of force. If the electrons are in the zone of action of the magnetic field, then their trajectories deviate towards the direction of the lines of force.
Electrovacuum diode
The anode of the magnetron has the form of a cylinder with a system of cavities, or resonators, inside of which there is a cathode with an incandescent filament. Two ring magnets located at the edges of the anode create a magnetic field inside the anode, due to which the electrons do not move directly from the cathode to the anode, but change their trajectory, rotating around the cathode. Near the resonators, electrons give them part of their energy, which leads to the formation of a powerful microwave field in their cavities, which is output to the outside using a wire loop connected to the emitter antenna.
To activate the magnetron, it is necessary to apply a high voltage of the order of 3-4 thousand volts to the anode. Therefore, the connection of the magnetron to the household electrical network is carried out by means of a high-voltage transformer. In addition, the microwave oven switching circuit includes a waveguide that transmits radiation into the chamber, a switching circuit, a control unit, as well as protection and cooling elements. In addition, the inner walls of the chamber and a thin metal mesh on the door of the device prevent radiation from escaping beyond its limits.
Magnetron switching circuit
Most modern manufacturers of microwave ovens offer the ability to choose the power of the device. From this parameter, in turn, depends on the mode of operation (defrosting or heating) and the speed of heating food. but design features magnetron does not allow to reduce its power, therefore, to reduce the intensity of heating, power is supplied to it at certain intervals. These pauses in the operation of the magnetron can be noticed if you turn on the microwave at medium power and listen to the sound of its operation.
Not so long ago, some manufacturers of household appliances announced the appearance of a number of models of microwave ovens with an inverter power circuit. The use of this scheme made it possible not only to increase the amount of usable space in the chamber by reducing the dimensions of the emitter, but also to reduce the power consumption of the device. Unlike conventional models, the heating temperature in inverter-type furnaces changes smoothly, but their cost is an order of magnitude higher.
During operation, the magnetron generates a large amount of heat, so a radiator is installed on its case. Since overheating is the main cause of magnetron failure, other methods are used to protect it:
Thermal relay
The main advantage of modern magnetrons for domestic microwave ovens is their interchangeability. On the various models microwave ovens will be suitable for magnetrons manufactured by other companies, so they can be changed if necessary. In this case, the only necessary requirement will be matching in power. You can buy a magnetron in many electronics stores, but in order to make the right choice, you need to understand its parameters and markings. Most often, the following models of magnetrons are installed in microwave ovens:
Even having studied all the necessary parameters of this device, it is not recommended to replace the magnetron at home. Firstly, it will be quite difficult to remove it yourself, and secondly, only a qualified specialist will be able to ensure its safe operation after installation.
Standard magnetron configuration
Replacing the magnetron can require quite a significant financial outlay, so before buying a new device, it is necessary to diagnose the old one to make sure that it is really faulty. The test can be done at home with a conventional tester. This will require:
Diagnostics
At the end of the diagnosis, it is possible to draw conclusions about the malfunction of certain parts. The main reasons for the failure of the magnetron include the following:
