Adolf Hitler, whose biography is full of brilliant achievements and monstrous crimes, has become an integral part of European and world history. He is one of those people who literally managed to push in a certain direction. Of course, the last statement has nothing to do with the moral side of his philosophy and activities.
Adolf Hitler: biography
Adolf Schicklgruber was born in a small town located on the border of Austria and Germany. Already in early age the idea of the greatness of the German nation was planted in his head. The first significant efforts in this matter were made by the school Fuhrer, Leopold Petsch, himself an ardent supporter of Prussian nationalism and a pan-Germanist. After graduation, the young man goes to Vienna, cherishing the dream of entering the art academy of this city. Many are well aware of the story of how a young man fails his exams in 1907, after which the rector of the academy recommends that he study architecture, not fine arts. Young Adolf then returns to his native Linz, but a year later he tries his hand again and fails again. It was in the next period that Hitler, known later to the whole world, was formed. The biography of these years is filled with extreme poverty, constant vagrancy, housing under bridges and in flophouses, odd jobs and other pages from the bottom of life. But at the same time, the young man finally formed his political views during this period, in which he himself
admitted and the process of which he described in detail later in the book "My Struggle". Speaking about the reasons for the emergence of such a violent ideology, one should definitely take into account the specifics of the Weimar period, when nationalist sentiments, ideas of anti-German conspiracies were so popular in society, and many small Judeophobic political forces were widespread. At the same time, the young man had the opportunity to observe how, under the onslaught of the Slavs and Hungarians, the Germans were losing their absolutely dominant position in Austria-Hungary. All this came together in a very, very peculiar way, and then was rethought in the head of young Adolf.
Adolf Hitler: the path to power
After the First World War, being extremely disappointed, the young corporal again returned to his odd jobs, but already in Munich. His fate here was abruptly turned by chance. By the will of fate, he was destined to be in one of the beer establishments of the city, where the local patriotic party (then called the Workers' Party of Germany) was simultaneously holding its meeting. The guy who was carried away by politics was interested in their ideas, and in 1920 he joined this still small society. And soon, thanks to his own charisma and penetrating perseverance, he became her most important person. Hitler's first attempt to come to power dates back as early as 1923. We are talking about the famous November Beer Putsch, which ended in failure. As the putschists marched through the streets of Munich, they were stopped by police forces who opened fire on the rebels. interesting story according to the memoirs of eyewitnesses, a well-known researcher (and in a former journalist in Weimar and Nazi Germany) William Shearer reports: under a barrage of fire, the putschists were forced to lie down on the ground; immediately after the police stopped shooting, the leader of the party jumped up first and started to run from the scene of the collision, then got into the car and drove away. Strange, but the flight of Adolf Hitler did not affect his authority. Moreover, having coped with the first fear, he behaved very boldly on
ensuing litigation which even added to his sympathy. However, for attempting a putsch, the young politician was nevertheless sent to prison in the Landsberg fortress. True, he spent less than a year there.
Adolf Hitler: political biography
And having been released at the end of 1925, he again began his struggle for power. With incendiary speeches, cunning political actions, outright blackmail of other political forces, violent reprisals against their opponents and outright deceit in Nazi propaganda, the NSDAP, after just a few years, became the most influential force in the country. And in Adolf Hitler, he forces the then President of the Republic, Paul von Hindenburg, to make himself Chancellor. From that moment on, the NSDAP is rapidly becoming the unified political force in the state, their ideology is the only true one, and Germany is immersed in
The splendor and monstrosity of the Fuhrer's largest struggle
Having come to power, the new head of state did not hide his true face for long. Inside the country, the opposition forces were quickly eliminated. The Fuhrer did not take long to prepare for foreign policy actions. Already in 1936, in violation of the Versailles agreements, he sent his troops into the demilitarized Rhineland. The submissive ignorance of this violation was only the first cowardly silence of the great powers in a long chain. This was followed by outright blackmail and the capture first of Austria, later of Czechoslovakia and Poland. In 1940, the fate of the occupation also befell France. England was barely saved. To retell the further biography of Adolf Hitler in detail, perhaps, does not make sense. It is hardly possible to find a person in our country who has not heard about the German invasion of the USSR, about the first successes of Blitzkrieg and the further gradual complete loss of any adequacy by the Fuhrer, who could not come to terms with defeats - first near Moscow, then near Stalingrad, and then on all fronts. The ideologist of the Nazi party threw more and more batches of German soldiers into battle (which is often attributed to Zhukov and Stalin), laying an entire generation of Germans on the altar of his idea. However, the victorious pace of the allies completely drove the Fuhrer crazy. In the last days of his life, sick and broken, but with former fanaticism, the last thing left of the former Hitler, he declared that the German nation must perish if it could not win this war. Adolf Hitler found his death by taking poison on April 30, 1945.
The surname of Adolf Hitler has been worrying professional historians for several decades, who are simply interested, lovers of political battles and debates, as well as many others. Perhaps it is not an exaggeration to say that this topic has already gone beyond just curious information. Like Adolf Hitler himself, the real name of this man has long been the object of speculation of the most different forces. Some are trying to find Jewish roots in him, after that building theories about secret cooperation, about a well-thought-out initial conspiracy. For others, the real name of Hitler is a reason to denigrate the whole family of the future Fuhrer for several generations, the search for physical, mental disorders relatives or just digging in dirty laundry. However, researchers have long put an end to this issue. Real surname Hitler is already known, and if you look, there are no significant reasons for discussion. All existing disputes are largely far-fetched. Let's try to figure it out.
What is the Hitler's real name?
The future leader of the Nazi Party was born on April 20, 1889. His father, Alois Hitler, was first a shoemaker and later a civil servant. By the way, the father's attempt to force his son to also become a state clerk not least instilled in the latter a dislike for all sorts of conventions and, in general, strict service. In this regard, it is interesting that Alois lived with the surname Schicklgruber until 1876.
Hence the widespread opinion that this is the real name of Hitler. However, it is not. The fact is that the father of the future Fuhrer was an illegitimate child and until the age of 39 he was forced to bear the name of his mother, since she was not married at that time, and the father was not legally established. Five years after the birth of Alois, his mother Maria Anna Schicklgruber marries the poor miller Johann Hitler. Biographers of the Fuhrer believe that his probable grandfather was one of the Hitler brothers.
In 1876, witnesses confirmed that Alois' real father was Johann Hitler, which made it possible for the man to change his mother's surname to that of his father.
As for Adolf, this change took place thirteen years before his birth, so he was not a Schicklgruber for a single day in his life. And such a delusion is very common, moreover, it once crept even into some quite serious sources. There really were families with such a surname in his family, but it has completely German roots. So calling Hitler Schicklgruber is as legitimate as giving him any other surname that his distant and close relatives once bore. As far as biographers have been able to trace, Adolf Hitler's ancestors were peasants on both the paternal and maternal lines. Another interesting incident with the name "Hitler" is that for many centuries it was recorded by ear by priests. For this reason, they even had slightly different spellings in the documents, and as a result, slightly different sounds of their own surnames: Hidler, Hitler, Gudler, and so on.
Adolf's father Alois, being illegitimate, until 1876 bore the surname of his mother Maria Anna Schicklgruber (German: Schicklgruber).
Five years after the birth of Alois, Maria Schicklgruber married the miller Johann Georg Hiedler (Hiedler), who spent his whole life in poverty and did not have his own home.
In 1876, three witnesses testified that Giedler, who died in 1857, was the father of Alois, which allowed the latter to change his surname. The change in the spelling of the surname to "Hitler" was allegedly caused by a misprint by the priest when writing in the Birth Registration Book.
Modern researchers consider the probable father of Alois not Hidler, but his brother Johann Nepomuk Güttler, who took Alois to his house and raised him.
Adolf Hitler himself, contrary to the assertion widespread since the 1920s and even included in the 3rd edition of the TSB, never bore the surname Schicklgruber.
On January 7, 1885, Alois married his relative (niece - granddaughter of Johann Nepomuk Güttler) Clara Pölzl. This was his third marriage. By this time, he had a son, Alois, and a daughter, Angela, who later became the mother of Geli Raubal, Hitler's alleged mistress. Because of family ties Alois had to get permission from the Vatican to marry Clara. Clara by Alois gave birth to six children, of which Adolf was the third.
Hitler knew about inbreeding in his family and therefore always spoke very briefly and vaguely about his parents, although he demanded from others documentary evidence their ancestors. From the end of 1921, he began to constantly overestimate and obscure his origins. He wrote only a few sentences about his father and maternal grandfather. On the contrary, he often mentioned his mother in conversations. Because of this, he did not tell anyone that he was related (in a direct line from Johann Nepomuk) to the Austrian historian Rudolf Koppensteiner and the Austrian poet Robert Gamerling.
Adolf's direct ancestors, both in the Schicklgruber line and in the Hitler line, were peasants. Only the father made a career and became a government official.
