Roots with unstressed vowels? You will find the answer to this question in the materials of this article. In addition, your attention will be presented with examples of words in which there are such vowels.
The question of the correct spelling of vowels in roots arises because such letters are not stressed. In this regard, we decided to devote the presented article to this topic.
All words that have an unstressed vowel at the root are divided into 3 large groups:
Let's consider the rules concerning these cases in more detail.
As you know, in the Russian language there are quite a few rules that help us competently compose a text or a letter, as well as conduct an oral dialogue. However, it also has a huge number of various exceptions. Surely everyone remembers how in a comprehensive school teachers in the humanities forced us to memorize such words. At first glance, this is pretty easy. But in practice, many children begin to get confused and make mistakes while doing class or homework. In this regard, some teachers recommended referring to the spelling dictionary. Indeed, without such an edition, it is rather difficult to remember what an unverifiable unstressed vowel is at the root of a word.
A spelling dictionary is not always at hand. That is why, in order to remember which unstressed vowels, unchecked by stress, are placed in a particular word, we offer a complete list of them:
Now you know that an unverifiable unstressed vowel fundamentally requires memorization or the presence of a spelling dictionary.
About which unstressed vowels are checked at the root by selecting special words and how exactly this is done, we will consider right now.
In order to write correctly in the root, this expression should be matched with a test one. At the same time, the stress on the same vowel should fall in it. Thus, in an unstressed syllable, a similar letter is placed as in the stressed test word.
Should be as close as possible to the verification:
The Russian language has a large number of words that have alternating letters. Unstressed vowels in the root of such expressions are checked in different ways:
1. Presence in -a-. These roots include:
If the suffix -a- is present, then the letters "a", "and" should be put in the roots. If there is no such morpheme, then "o" and "e".
2. Emphasis. These roots include:
3. A letter that follows a vowel. These roots include:
4. The value of the root. These roots include:
Task 1 #11810
post..ment
izl..gat
unfold
get in..
those..retic
pedestal. Unchecked vowel. Remember.
Expound. Roots with alternation -lag-/-false-. A is written before G, O is written before Zh. The exception is the canopy.
flare up. Roots with alternation -gor-/-gar-. O is written without stress, A is written under stress.
Climb. Roots with alternation -bir-/-ber-. We write And if after the root there is a suffix -A-.
Theoretical. The key word is theory.
Answer: STATION
Task 2 #11811
Determine the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
op..give
start..start
p..lisadnik
ur.. note
exchange..whip
be late. The test word is too late. You cannot check with the verb nes. kind.
Start off. Roots with alternation a (i) / im, a (i) / in.
front garden. Unchecked vowel. Remember.
The equation. Roots with alternation -even-/-even-. The root -equal- is contained in words with the meaning "same". The root -even- is contained in words with the meaning "straight, smooth".
Dip. Roots with alternation -mok-/-mak-. The root - poppy - is found in words meaning "to immerse in liquid." The root -mok- is found in words with the meaning "to pass liquid".
Answer: FRONT GARDEN
Task 3 #11812
Determine the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
alm..nah
lift..mother
in French..ntsuzski
Rostock. Roots with alternation -rast-/-rasch-/-ros-. A is written before ST and U, O is written before C. Exceptions are Rostov, Rostislav, usurer, sprout, outgrowth, branch.
Almanac. Unchecked vowel. Remember.
Jump. Roots with alternation -skak-/-skoch-. Before K is written A, before H is written O.
Lift up. Roots with alternation a (i) / im, a (i) / in.
French. The test word is France.
Answer: ALMANAC
Task 4 #11813
Determine the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
burn .. burn
in..negret
argument..number
dist..barking
Burn. Roots with alternation -zheg- / -zheg-. We write And if after the root there is a suffix -А-.
Wash. Roots with alternation -ter-/-tyr-. We write And if after the root there is a suffix -А-.
The vinaigrette. Unchecked vowel. Remember.
Argue. The check word is an argument.
Spreading. Roots with alternation -steel-/-steel-. We write And if after the root there is a suffix -А-.
Answer: VINAIGRETE
Task 5 #11814
Determine the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
bl..stet
op.. fight
enlightenment
d. to rig
ex..menator
Shine. Roots with alternation - shine - / - shine -. We write And if after the root there is a suffix -A-.
lean. Roots with alternation -per-/-per-. We write And if after the root there is a suffix -А-.
Education. The test word is light.
Conduct. Unchecked vowel. Remember.
Examiner. Checking word - exAmen.
Answer: CONDUCT
Task 6 #11815
Determine the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
forgetting..left
e..declaration
rel..mother
ignite..
Disease. The test word is pain.
Declaration. Unchecked vowel. Remember.
Take away. Roots with alternation a (i) / im, a (i) / in.
Industry. Roots with alternation -rast-/-rasch-/-ros-. A is written before ST and U, O is written before C. Exceptions are Rostov, Rostislav, usurer, sprout, outgrowth, branch.
Spark off. Roots with alternation -zheg- / -zheg-. We write And if after the root there is a suffix -А-.
Answer: DECLARATION
Task 7 #11816
Determine the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
m.. to rip (clothes)
priv.. legiya
floor .. walk
vy..whip
open..press
Measure (clothes). The test word is a measure. The root -measures- is not alternating in this case, because differs in meaning (“impose beforehand in order to find out whether it corresponds to the required measure”). Roots with the alternation -measures-/-world- will have meanings associated with the concepts of “disappear”, “stop”, “come to a state of immobility”.
Privilege. Unchecked vowel. Remember.
Believe. Roots with alternation -lag-/-false-. A is written before G, O is written before Zh. The exception is the canopy.
Get wet. Roots with alternation -mok-/-mak-. The root - poppy - is found in words meaning "to immerse in liquid." The root -mok- is found in words with the meaning "to pass liquid".
strip. The verification word is nAg.
Answer: PRIVILEGE
Preparation for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language often begins with a repetition of the basic rules, including the topic "Spelling of unstressed unverifiable vowels at the root of the word." And, although this section is covered in sufficient detail as part of the basic school course, many students experience certain difficulties in completing such tasks, so they need to repeat the material. At the same time, knowing how unstressed unverifiable vowels are written at the root of a word, high school students will be able to successfully pass certification tests and expect to receive decent points.
There are cases when the vowels that are at the root of the word cannot be checked by stress. In this situation, it is static. This means that in such words, the stress does not move to the unstressed vowel in the root when the form changes or as a result of the selection of a single-root concept. Let's use the following words as an example:
Here is a list of the most common words with an unchecked unstressed vowel in the root:
To make tasks in which words with alternating vowels, unchecked stress occur easily, choose online classes on our website. All the material that may be required to re-examine the main sections is presented here. Experienced teachers of "Shkolkovo" prepared and presented the information in the most accessible form.
We have developed a fundamentally new algorithm for preparing for certification testing, which will help high school students eliminate knowledge gaps. First, students are encouraged to repeat the theoretical part (what rules you need to know when completing assignments, etc.). Then, after reviewing the examples, you can practice the exercises. A constantly updated list of tasks is presented in the corresponding section of our website.
Start preparing for your certification test now! First, we recommend that you choose a simple task on the topic “Unstressed vowels in the root of a word that cannot be checked by stress” and do it. If there were no significant difficulties and you quickly coped, feel free to choose expert-level exercises. And in case of difficulties, do not forget to leave time in your schedule for regular classes on the Shkolkovo educational portal.
Preparation is carried out online. Both metropolitan and regional schoolchildren can study with us.
Municipal budgetary educational institution "Lyceum No. 1" village Tyulgan, Orenburg region
Technological map of the lesson
Frolova Elena Yurievna
primary school teacher
Thing: Russian language (EMC "School of Russia")
Class: Grade 2
Lesson topic : Spelling of words with unchecked unstressed vowels at the root
Lesson type : lesson in discovering new knowledge Equipment:
Textbook "Russian language grade 2" V.P. Kanakina, V.G. Goretsky
Multimedia projector, teacher's computer
Presentation
Lesson Objectives
achievement of planned results through
problematic dialogue technologies, critical thinking technologies
Tasks:
1. To form a subject skill: write words with unverifiable unstressed vowel sounds at the root
2.Form UUD:
Formulate a problematic question; put forward hypotheses and justify them; formulate a cognitive goal (Cognitive UUD);
Draw up a sequence of actions; evaluate performance (Regulatory ECM)
Motivation for learning activitiesslide 1
Here the bell gave a signal,
The time has come to work
So we don't waste time
And our lesson begins.
Guys, today I propose to conduct our lesson under this motto.
Know how to work, know how to select assistants.
What helpers do we usually use in the Russian language lesson?
How do rules help us?
How do words help us?
That's what we're going to work with today.
Words, rules, questions...
Write words, sentences without mistakes
Check spelling of words...
A minute of calligraphy.
slide 2
slide 3
slide 4
Write in your notebook the lowercase letters a, o, y, e, i, i
What do you know about these letters? Let's collect your ideas in a basket.
Find the extra letter.
Why is she redundant?
- What spelling did we work with in the last lessons?
Letters, what sounds did we test?
Where is the unstressed chief located?
How do we check it?
How do we check an unstressed vowel sound in the root?
What do we already know?
Write down in a notebook: date, class work
Vowels soften or harden a consonant, form a syllable, are stressed and unstressed.
Emphasize the "extra" letter y.
There is no doubt about the spelling, and the rest require verification. Self-esteem
With unstressed vowels at the root of the word.
At the root of the word
We select a test word, change the form of the word.
Emphasis.
I know how to check an unstressed vowel
III . Creating a problem situation
Suggestion on the board:
At the dacha in l_su there were different birds: s_rocks, guards, robs and s_nits.
Read the offer.
What is the proposal about?
Find words with unstressed vowels in the root that you can check.
Pick up test words-helpers.
The sentence talks about birds, magpies...
forest, swiftsWork in pairs, orally.
forest swift
slide 5
slide 6
What task did you do?
Were they able to find test words for all the words?
What words caused difficulty?
Why can't you check the unstressed vowel in such words?
What words are we talking about today?
Let's define the topic of the lesson.
What do we want to learn in class today?
Continue the offer.
I want to learn how to write...
Do you and I know the spelling of the words: sparrow, titmouse, magpie? Explain.
But what if we find it difficult to write a word?
Write the sentence in a notebook, underline the letters of unstressed vowels in the root. Check what is written.
We selected test words, inserted unstressed vowels.
No, to everyone.
The words caused difficulties: magpies, sparrows, tits.
There are no related words in which the vowel is stressed.
About words where an unstressed vowel cannot be checked.
Unstressed unverifiable vowels at the root of a word.
How to write words with unverifiable unstressed vowels in the root.
Bay sparrow, blue-headed tit, magpie-oro
Look up in a dictionary and memorize
Write down a sentence
They check. Self-esteem
III . Discovery of new knowledge
1. Textbook work.
Page 104 Remember! (student reads)
Which dictionaries contain words with unchecked spellings?
In our textbook on p. 136 there is also a small spelling dictionary, which contains all the words that we need to remember in grade 2 in alphabetical order.
You will say: “How many words, how can you remember them all?” To do this, you need to train, read a lot, in case of difficulty, contact our assistant - a dictionary. And you can still play with words and then they will be remembered very quickly.
- in spelling dictionaries.
Refer to the dictionary.
IV .Fizkulminutka.
Game with the words "Carousel"
1 group of teachers in the hands of memory cards: clothes, shovel, pencil case, coat, bear, fox
Group 2 students in the hands of cards with letters: e, o, i, a
etc.
Group 1 stand in an inner circle with their backs to each other. Group 2 stand in the outer circle facing the students of group 1. They start moving clockwise, showing the letter to be inserted into the word. Self-assessment of work
V . Monitoring the assimilation of new knowledge
Differentiated work
Slide 7
You can not only play with vocabulary words, you can also study them. Today we will create a dictionary page for words from our dictionary. Listen to the riddle song. (enable video recording)
What is the song about? What is a strawberry? Do you know the spelling of the word berry? Insert the missing letter.
Let's say the word, which syllables have spellings? Which of you guessed what other word was hidden in the word strawberry? Why do you think this berry is so named?
P.104 exercise 164
See what letters are hidden in the mnemotable on our dictionary page?
Let's check the spelling in the dictionary, insert the missing letters in the word strawberry on the dictionary page.
We continue to study the word. Look, you have square brackets on your page. What task do we have to complete?
For students with poor preparation.
Task: write out three words from the dictionary on the topic: Plants, divide the words into syllables.
Count the number of syllables, sounds and letters in a word.
Examination.
Let's go back to page 104 of our textbook.
Can we explain the origin of the names of such berries as blueberries, blueberries, stone fruits.
Blueberries and blueberries are similar in appearance to berries, but blueberries have tall bushes, more than 1 meter, and blueberries spread along the ground.
Kostyanik is a berry that is a close relative of the garden raspberry.
All berries have medicinal properties, help treat colds, vision, help strengthen the body.
Let's try to compose and write down a sentence on a free line with the words we have worked on.
About strawberries. - It's a berry. Show cards with a choice of letters in the word berry.
In the first and second syllable
Children's answers.
Check in a dictionary, insert letters
Perform audio analysis. [z'iml'in'ika].
1 at the board. Self-assessment of activities
Strawberry: 3 syllables, 9 letters, 9 sounds
On one's own. Self-esteem
Blueberries are black, blueberries are blue, stone berries are many seeds.
Make a proposal and write it down.
VI . Homework
Differentiated work
Slide 8
1st level: Make up a dictionary page for a word from the dictionary. Mystery. Word. Sound parsing. How many syllables, sounds, letters? Drawing for page design.
Word sentence.
2nd level: exercise 167 p.105
3rd level: write out 5 words from the dictionary on the topic “School”, underline the unchecked vowel, separate the words for transfer.
VII . Reflection.
Slide9
- What topic did you study in class?
Can all words be tested?
What assistant will we need for the correct spelling of a word with an unchecked vowel in the root?
Words with unchecked vowels in the root.
Student self-assessment sheet_________________
Criteria: Yes + No -
In class, I always answered verbally with a full answer.
I completed the tasks without errors in the notebook.
I helped in a couple to complete tasks, expressed my opinion.
I will evaluate my work in class _______
Today in class I learned...
I was surprised….
I wanted…
Self-assessment of students on the ladder of success.
Indicate the answer options in which an unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing in all words of one row. Write down the answer numbers.
1) r .. sloppy
2) swear ... to thread, s..rya, r..stovschik
3) arb ..trazh, special ... alist, l .. gushka
4) pop..chit, lake..ryny, invite..ret
5) with .. rhine, moisture, r..sti
Formulation of last year's task:
Determine the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
del..gat
m..ridian
ser..al
r..glament
set it on fire
Task 9 (former task 8) changed in 2019: to complete it, you need to determine the spelling of 15 words and select those lines in which all three words are spelled in accordance with the rule specified in the task.
Please note that one of three rules can be proposed in the wording of the task:
Spelling of roots with a checked unstressed vowel;
Spelling of roots with an alternating vowel;
Dictionary words with unchecked unstressed vowels in the root, the spelling of which should be remembered.
In response, we write out not words, but line numbers.
An important feature of the 2019 task is that there can be more than two answers (from 2x to 4x). This is how the principle of indefinite multiplicity of answers is implemented. According to the compilers of the examination options, this principle excludes the use of the guessing method when completing the task and helps to more accurately determine the level of knowledge of the graduate.
If not all numbers are written down in the answer or at least one extra one is written out, the task is estimated at 0 points. For the correct performance of the task, 1 point is given.
1. spelling of roots with a checked unstressed vowel;
2. spelling of roots with an alternating vowel;
3. dictionary words with unchecked unstressed vowels in the root, the spelling of which should be remembered.
