Maple Manchurian- a very slender and beautiful tree with leaves of a rather unusual shape.
And although his homeland is the Far East, he has long been loved by summer residents and gardeners from different parts of the world. In addition to its decorative effect, this maple has another property: it is an excellent honey plant. How to grow maple manchurian independently - read our article.
Manchurian maple (A. mandshuricum). A slender tree up to 20 m tall with a high, round, openwork crown.
Bark maple manchurian light gray with small cracks. The leaves of plants are graceful, complex, trifoliate; reddish-orange in spring, dark green above and lighter below in summer, bright purplish red in autumn.
The flowers of the Manchurian maple are quite large, lemon yellow. The root system is shallow, the plants tolerate transplanting well.
Manchu maple is moisture-loving. Plants are not pruned. In nature, the Manchurian maple is found in Primorsky Krai, Korea, and Northeast China.
life form: Deciduous tree
Cron A: Rounded, openwork
Growth rate:Moderate. Annual growth is 30 cm in height and 30 cm in width. Height 10 m, crown diameter 10 m. Durability: 100 years, but can reach 150 years. Flowers: Flat, rounded, red, from 0.3 to 0.5 cm.
Leaves: Lanceolate, dark green in summer, red in autumn, 5 to 10 cm.
decorative: In summer, the red petioles of the leaves stand out against the green background of the leaves, but the Manchurian Maple is especially beautiful in the fall, when the leaves turn purple.
Usage: Single landings, decorative groups.
Attitude to light: photophilous
to moisture: drought-resistant
to the soil: demanding
to temperature: frost-resistant
Ginnal maple, hand-shaped, red, false plane tree, Manchurian, small-leaved, holly ‘Globozum’ ‘Drumondi’ ‘Royal red’, field, silvery, Tatar, ash-leaved ‘Flamingo’
Landing Features: Planted in open places or in partial shade. Plants with decorative leaf color lose color when planted in the shade. Root neck at ground level. In plants that give abundant root shoots, it is slightly deepened - up to 5 cm. If groundwater is close, drainage is required, consisting of crushed stone with a layer of 10-20 cm.
soil mix: Humus or peat compost, sod land, sand - 3:2:1. For field maple and silver maple - leaf ground, peat, sand - 2: 2: 1. Full mineral fertilizer (120-150 g of nitroammophoska) can be applied to the planting pit. Optimal acidity - pH 6.0 - 7.5, for red maple - pH 6.0 - 7.5
top dressing: If fertilizers were not applied during planting, then in the spring of the next year after planting they apply: urea (40 g / sq.m.), potassium salts (15-25 g / sq.m.), superphosphate (30-50g / sq.m.) . In summer, when loosening and watering, kemira is applied (100-120 g / sq.m.).
Watering: After planting - 20 liters per plant. Most maples can tolerate dry soil, but grow better when watered. Watering rate during the dry season is 10-20 liters per plant once a week. With normal rainfall, 10-20 liters per plant once a month.
Loosening: Shallow, regular, during weeding and after watering to avoid soil compaction.
Mulching: After planting, the soil near the plants is mulched with peat or earth with a layer of 3-5 cm.
pruning: Pruning of dry and diseased branches is necessary.
Pests:
whitefly
Mealybug
leaf weevil
Diseases:
powdery mildew
black spot
Preparing for winter: Young plants in severe winters with a lack of snow cover should be covered with spruce branches near the root neck. If frost damage occurs, annual shoots must be cut.
The crown will recover due to new shoots that have time to become woody before the onset of frost. Standard plants in the first 2-3 years after planting must be covered by wrapping the trunk with burlap in 1-2 layers to protect against frost cracks. With age, their winter hardiness increases.
Pay attention to this:
Maples are symbols of autumn. This genus of plants is interesting and large, it has more than 150 species of shrubs and trees growing in different places on the Earth. In our climate, up to 25 species of them can be cultivated. Maple is considered a family tree in Feng Shui.
Maples are widely used in landscaping settlements. The most widely used maples include such maples as ash-leaved (American), holly, riverine, Tatar, field, false plane tree (sycamore). Red, silver, spiky and sugar maples are also used in landscape design, although they are not so widely known yet.
Maples are endowed with a variety of lobed leaves that form a beautiful mosaic crown. In any season of the year, these plants are beautiful. When deployed in spring, they give a pink or red hue, become rich green in summer, and in autumn they delight with a riot of scarlet, orange and yellow colors. Among the usual all types there are maples of unusual decorative forms:
Decorative maple will protect against dust, the scorching sun, extraneous noise due to its dense, thick, embossed shape. All maples, except silver and ash-leaved, are wind-resistant.
And how fragrant and magnificent maple blossoms! I especially want to highlight the flowering of red maple, its bright scarlet inflorescences appear in April. Flowering of other species occurs at the end of April - mid-June.
Gardeners are often intimidated by their size when growing maples on a plot. Yes, most maples are large trees with a crown up to 20 m in diameter and up to 20-25 m high. Of course, only owners of large country plots can afford such trees.
Little is known about Far Eastern maples, which differ from American and European species. Among them there are large trees and small trees with a bizarre, peculiar "Japanese" crown, as well as shrubs.
The Far Eastern maple will become a godsend, as it does not create problems in growing, thanks to adaptation to the cold climate in the homeland. Trees (15-20 m) include Manchurian and small-leaved maples.
The Manchurian maple is endowed with a magnificent spherical crown, under which a comfortable penumbra is created, with unusual tripartite leaves attached with long red petioles. The flowering of this maple is beautiful, and in summer, ripening red kralatki fruits look beautiful among the green foliage. But the Manchurian maple has its most stunning appearance in autumn, when the top of the leaf turns bright scarlet and the bottom is light pink.
The small-leaved maple is endowed with a denser crown, its leaves are similar to the leaves of the sharp-leaved maple, but their dimensions are somewhat smaller. In autumn, the leaves turn yellow to bright orange.
Multi-stemmed Far Eastern maples grow 10-15 meters high, they can take the form of trees with one or more trunks or the form of large ones. The gardener himself, armed with a pruner, can give the desired shape. This type of maple includes green maple and yellow maple.
This ornamental maple has variegated bark with alternating white, gray and green stripes. Its leaves are large and soft with shallow lobes, reminiscent of the well-known "quality mark". In autumn, the leaves take on neutral yellow and lemon yellow tones that contrast wonderfully with the bark.
The yellow maple is endowed with a soft yellowish-gray bark, its leaves are lobed, covered with reddish hairs on the underside. In autumn, their color turns salmon red or orange.
Of the shrubs, I would like to imagine the bearded maple, this dense bush with many trunks grows in diameter and up to 4-5 meters high. It lends itself well to shaping and cutting, blooms beautifully. The summer bright green color of the leaves changes to orange or dark yellow in autumn. In winter, the garden is decorated with young shoots with purple-red and dark pink bark. They are especially elegant against the backdrop of sparkling snow.
For lovers of Japanese gardens, three-flowered, false-sibold, fan-shaped, palm-shaped maples are suitable. These views cause a special delight, they are unusually beautiful, they meet the canons of the ethics of the East. Low, with graceful, sometimes intricately curved trunks, these maples are endowed with an asymmetric crown, often tilted towards the light. Elegance and tiered throughness to the crown gives the horizontal branching of the terminal shoots. These maples are highly acclaimed by professional designers. It is not necessary to create a Japanese garden, just plant a maple on the site and over time you yourself will be able to create a beautiful corner next to it by planting a fern or forest moss nearby, installing a stone lantern or a beautiful stone.
In any case, it is never necessary to rush, over time it will become clear how you want to see a corner of the garden in which decorative maple grows.
A slender tree up to 20 m tall, with a high, round, openwork crown. The bark on the trunks is light gray, finely fissured, the shoots are reddish-brown, glabrous, the buds are small red-brown. Graceful, trifoliate, complex leaves are perfectly combined with long, thin, reddish petioles.
In spring, leaf blades are reddish-orange, sometimes reddish with a green tint; dark green above in summer, lighter below; in autumn they turn into bright purple-red tones. The flowers are yellowish-green, rather large, 3-5 in racemose inflorescences, bloom simultaneously with the leaves. The duration of flowering is 10-12 days.
Light-requiring, but can tolerate light shading. Demanding on the size of the feeding area, soil and air moisture. The root system is shallow, but extensive, so the species is wind-resistant. Easily tolerates transplantation, painfully reacts to pruning and urban conditions. In the first 3 years it grows slowly. Blossoms and bears fruit from 13 years. The fruits ripen in mid-September. Mature plants are completely winter-hardy. Gives seed reproduction. 28% of summer cuttings take root when treated with a 0.01% IMC solution for 16 hours. Seedlings need shelter for the winter.
It is decorative throughout the year, which allows it to be used in group and single plantings in parks and forest parks. It goes well with conifers. Good honey plant. In culture since 1904.
The Manchurian maple is a very slender and beautiful tree with rather unusually shaped leaves. And although his homeland is the Far East, he has long been loved by summer residents and gardeners from different parts of the world. In addition to its decorative effect, this maple has another property: it is an excellent honey plant. How to grow this tree yourself - read our article.
The Manchurian maple reaches a height of about 20 m, its trunk diameter is up to 60 cm. Its bark is gray or brownish-gray. Check out the most popular types of maple: red, holly, Tatar, Japanese and ash-leaved (American). The leaves are trifoliate with long reddish petioles. They are lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-ellipsoid, up to 8 cm long and 2.5 cm wide.
Yellow-green flowers are connected in corymbs of 3-5 pieces. The fruits are bare lionfish, 3–3.5 cm each. The tree blooms in May and bears fruit in September.
Did you know? In the old days, they tried to make the main part of the spinning wheel from maple, since the strength and uniform structure of the tree made it possible to make a comb with thin and long teeth. Such combs can still be seen today in museums and old huts.
The main habitats of the Manchurian maple: Primorsky Krai, North Korea, Northeast China. It is found in mixed and deciduous forests, mainly in river valleys.
But today it can also be found in gardens and arboretums far from home, for example, in Boston (USA) or Hamilton (Canada).
Now let's figure out how to plant maple at home.
One of the ways to propagate the Manchurian maple is by seeds:
Manchurian maple seeds
There is another, simpler way of such reproduction: on the eve of winter, plant the seeds in open ground, and in the spring they will germinate themselves.
Important! Seedlings from seeds in the first year of their life can grow up to 80 cm. After 3 years, they can be transplanted to a permanent place.
You can also apply the cutting method, which is carried out at the end of summer or at the beginning of autumn:
Planting a Manchurian maple cutting
Another breeding option is by air layering:
Read how to grow homemade maple (abutilon). The offspring that grow from the base of the tree are rooted in the same way. But they do not impose a "compress" of moss, but tilt to the ground and drop in a section with incisions (until next spring).
Reproduction of the Manchurian maple by air layering
For such an ornamental maple, you can also use the grafting method to cross 2 different varieties. True, only experienced gardeners can do it. So:
Important! Do not forget to cover all cuts with garden pitch.
Maple is planted, as a rule, in spring or autumn, it all depends on the method of reproduction.
The Manchurian maple needs a spacious and well-lit place. He will also be able to move a small shadow, but only a small one. With a lot of shade, the tree may begin to grow more slowly, and it will most likely change the color of the leaves. Thus, it may lose all its decorative effect.
For trees that will grow alone, leave a distance of at least 3 m from each other. And for a hedge, 1.5–2 m is enough.
Dig a hole measuring 50 × 50 × 70 cm (length, width, depth), pour drainage into it - small pebbles, broken brick, crushed stone. Add any mineral fertilizer to the pit. Sapling (before planting, hold it a little in water so that the roots are nourished) carefully place in the center and sprinkle around the trunk with a mixture of humus, sand and leafy soil.
Planting a maple Near a young tree, put a small peg and tie a trunk to it, this will protect the fragile plant from strong winds. Also, do not forget to form a hole for watering next to the seedling.
If you are planting a hedge, the procedure will be the same, only in this case you will need a long trench about the same depth and width as the pit.
We tie the trunk to a young maple
Maples like fertile soil with a slightly acidic or at least neutral reaction. If your site has clay soil, it must be dug up and mixed with sand and peat. If, on the contrary, it is dry peaty, then, digging it up, add sand and clay. Thanks to its rich composition, maple is endowed with a whole range of healing properties. Read about the use of maple in traditional medicine. If you didn’t apply mineral fertilizer when planting, then next spring add 40 g of urea, 15–25 g of potassium salts, 30–50 g of superphosphate per 1 m². In the summer, when loosening and watering, "Kemir Universal" is usually added - 100 g per 1 m².
In general, maple needs top dressing with mineral fertilizers once a year, and organic matter (manure, bird droppings) is used once every 4 years.
Maples do not like waterlogged soils, so they need light and infrequent watering. It is necessary to water the seedling more abundantly only in the first year, so that the plant is well rooted.
It is enough to water an adult tree once a month, in extreme heat it can be 3-4 times. For 1 tree you need about 10 liters of water.
Loosening is required irregularly, usually when weeding weeds or after watering, so that there is no soil compaction. If you want to protect the plant from possible natural troubles, find out why you need to mulch the soil, the features of the agricultural technique. After planting, near-trunk circles are mulched with peat or earth with a layer of 3-5 cm. In summer, so that the roots do not dry out, maple can be mulched with walnut shells or sawdust. This mulch will retain moisture and protect the plant from weeds.
Mulching a maple trunk
Dry and diseased branches should be removed from the tree from time to time. There is no need to cut it. But if you still wanted to make the maple crown more decorative and started cutting, you will have to do this constantly - otherwise the crown will grow too densely, and the trunk with branches may not withstand such a weight. To improve the health of maple and direct its growth in the right direction, learn all the features of pruning trees in spring, autumn and summer. So once a year, namely in winter, you will need to remove dry, frozen, diseased branches, after which - weak and incorrectly located, and at the end - align the shape of the crown.
Important! Remember: the shorter you cut the tree, the thicker its crown will become.
The Manchurian maple is winter-hardy. Additional winter shelter is necessary only for young seedlings - if there is not enough snow, their root collar is covered with spruce branches or dry leaves.
But the trunks of young maples in the first 2-3 years of their life must be insulated with burlap, wrapping it in 2 layers.
Shelter of Manchurian maple for the winter
Maple can be prone to such troubles:
In September - early October (it all depends on the temperature and humidity of the air - the warmer and drier it is outside, the later the leaf fall will begin), the maple leaves turn purple, after which the leaf fall immediately begins. The tree enters a dormant state.
The end of leaf fall is usually accompanied by a strong cooling, frequent rains and strong gusts of wind. Maples are most often exposed around October 20th. Only single leaves are kept on the branches until mid-November.
Did you know? In Russia in the 19th century there was such a tradition: a small child was threaded between the branches of a maple. This tree was considered the bearer of magical power, part of which was transferred to the child, and thanks to such a ritual, a good and long life awaited him.
Maple Manchurian will be a wonderful decor for your garden or summer cottage. The main thing is to plant it correctly and do not forget to take care of the tree. Although, as you already understood, it will not bring you any serious troubles. And if you have read our article and read all the recommendations, then you definitely have nothing to fear.