Contrary to popular belief, in Russian there is not one word with three "e" in a row, but two. And there are as many as 74 words starting with the letter “y” in our language. And in the Guinness Book of Records, a word is 35 letters long.
Most words with the letter "F" in Russian are borrowed. Pushkin was proud that in The Tale of Tsar Saltan there was only one word with the letter "f" - the fleet.
There are only 74 words in Russian that begin with the letter Y. But most of us remember only “iodine, yogi” and the city of “Yoshkar-Ola”.
In Russian, there are words for "Y". These are the names of Russian cities and rivers: Ygyatta, Ylymakh, Ynakhsyt, Ynykchansky, Ytyk-kyul.
The only words in Russian with three letters "e" in a row are long-necked (and others on the -neck, for example, crooked, short-) and "zmeeeed".
In Russian, there is a word with a unique prefix for the language, ko- - zakuulok.
The only word in the Russian language that does not have a root is take out. It is believed that in this word the so-called zero root, which is in alternation with the root -im- (take out-im-at). Previously, until about the 17th century, this verb looked like to take out, and it had a material root, the same as in remove, hug, understand (cf. shoot, hug, understand), but subsequently the root -nya- was rethought as a suffix - well- (as in poke, puff).
The only one-syllable adjective in Russian is “evil”.
In Russian, there are words with prefixes unique for the language i-, - total and total and a- - maybe (outdated and eight "and eight will not be lucky"), formed from the unions "and" and "a".
The words "bull" and "bee" have the same root. In works ancient Russian literature the word "bee" was written as "bechela". The alternation of vowels ъ / ы is explained by the origin of both sounds from the same Indo-European sound U. If we recall the dialect verb roar, which means “roar, buzz, buzz” and is etymologically related to the words bee, insect and bull, it becomes clear what it was general meaning of these words.
Dahl suggested replacing foreign word"atmosphere" into Russian "kolozemitsa" or "mirokolitsa".
Until the 14th century in Russia, all indecent words were called "absurd verbs."
In the 1993 Guinness Book of Records, the longest word in the Russian language is called "roentgenoelectrocardiographic", in the 2003 edition "very highly contemplating".
In the Grammar Dictionary of the Russian Language A.A. Zaliznyak of the 2003 edition, the longest (in letters) common noun in the dictionary form is the adjective “private entrepreneurial”. Consists of 25 letters.
The longest verbs are “re-examine”, “substantialize” and “internationalize” (all - 24 letters; word forms -with and -with 25 letters each).
The longest nouns are “misanthropy” and “high excellency” (24 letters each; word forms -ami - 26 letters each, however, “misanthropy” is practically not used in plural).
The longest animate nouns are “eleven-grader” and “clerk” (21 letters each, word forms -ami - 23 letters each).
The longest adverb recorded in the dictionary is “unsatisfactory” (19 letters). However, it should be noted that the vast majority quality adjectives on the -th / -th, adverbs are formed on -o / -e, which are far from always fixed by the dictionary.
The longest interjection included in the Grammar Dictionary is "physical education hello" (15 or 14 letters depending on the status of the hyphen).
The word "respectively" is the longest preposition and the longest conjunction at the same time. It consists of 14 letters. The longest particle "exclusively" is one letter shorter.
There are so-called insufficient verbs in Russian. Sometimes the verb does not have any form, and this is due to the laws of euphony. For example: "win". He wins, you win, I... win? will I run? win? Philologists suggest using replacement constructions “I will win” or “I will become a winner”. Because the first person singular absent, the verb is insufficient.
The English use the mnemonic "Yellow-blue bus" to successfully master the difficult phrase "I love you"
Do you know that in Russian the words "bull" and "bee" have the same root?
Contrary to popular belief, in Russian there is not one word with three "e" in a row, but two. And there are as many as 74 words beginning with the letter “y” in our language. And in the Guinness Book of Records, a word is 35 letters long.
Most words with the letter "F" in Russian are borrowed. Pushkin was proud that in "The Tale of Tsar Saltan" there was only one word with the letter "f" - the fleet.
There are only 74 words in Russian that begin with the letter Y. But most of us remember only “iodine, yogi” and the city of “Yoshkar-Ola”.
In Russian, there are words for "Y". These are the names of Russian cities and rivers: Ygyatta, Ylymakh, Ynakhsyt, Ynykchansky, Ytyk-kyul.
The only words in Russian with three letters "e" in a row are long-necked (and others on the -neck, for example, crooked, short-) and "zmeeeed".
In Russian there is a word with a unique prefix for the language ko- - zakuulok.
The only word in the Russian language that does not have a root is take out. It is believed that in this word the so-called zero root, which is in alternation with the root -im- (take out-im-at). Previously, until about the 17th century, this verb looked like to take out, and it had a material root, the same as in remove, hug, understand (cf. shoot, hug, understand), but subsequently the root -nya- was rethought as a suffix - well- (as in poke, puff).
The only one-syllable adjective in Russian is "evil".
In Russian there are words with prefixes unique for the language i-, - total and total and a- - maybe (outdated and eight “and eight will not be lucky”), formed from the unions “and” and “a”.
The words "bull" and "bee" are the same root. In the works of ancient Russian literature, the word "bee" was written as "b'chela". The alternation of vowels ъ / ы is explained by the origin of both sounds from the same Indo-European sound U. If we recall the dialect verb roar, buzz, buzz and is etymologically related to the words bee, insect and bull, it becomes clear what was the common meaning of these words.
Dahl suggested replacing the foreign word "atmosphere" with the Russian "kolozemitsa" or "mirokolitsa".
Until the 14th century in Russia, all indecent words were called "absurd verbs."
In the 1993 Guinness Book of Records, the longest word in the Russian language is called “roentgenoelectrocardiographic”, in the 2003 edition, “highly contemplating”.
In the Grammar Dictionary of the Russian Language A.A. Zaliznyak of the 2003 edition, the longest (in letters) common noun in the dictionary form is the adjective "private entrepreneurial". Consists of 25 letters.
The longest verbs are “to re-examine”, “substantialize” and “internationalize” (all - 24 letters; word forms - with and - having 25 letters each).
The longest nouns are “misanthropy” and “high excellency” (24 letters each; word forms -ami - 26 letters each, however, “misanthropy” is practically not used in plural).
The longest animate nouns are “eleventh-grader” and “clerk” (21 letters each, word forms -ami - 23 letters each).
The longest adverb recorded in the dictionary is "unsatisfactory" (19 letters). However, it should be taken into account that the overwhelming majority of quality adjectives ending in -о / -й form adverbs ending in -о / -е, which are by no means always recorded in the dictionary.
The longest interjection included in the Grammar Dictionary is "physical education hello" (15 or 14 letters depending on the status of the hyphen).
"respectively" is the longest preposition and the longest conjunction at the same time. It consists of 14 letters. The longest particle "exclusively" is one letter shorter.
There are so-called insufficient verbs in Russian. Sometimes the verb does not have any form, and this is due to the laws of euphony. For example: "win". He wins, you win, I... win? will I run? win? Philologists suggest using replacement constructions “I will win” or “I will become a winner”. Since there is no first person singular form, the verb is deficient.
The English use the mnemonic "Yellow-blue bus" to successfully master the difficult phrase "I love you"
Interesting Facts about the Russian language are associated with its rich assortment of expressions and vocabulary. Russian words have been formed for centuries, millennia Russian history, its development was influenced by close communication with foreign countries, and the work of Russian poets and writers.
Russian is one of the ten most popular languages and is the working language of the UN. Foreigners complain that it is difficult to study, but they still teach, cramming, reading literature. Language is not a thing frozen in time and space, it changes under the influence of life, has its own past and future. Well, over the centuries of the existence of the Russian language, many very interesting facts have accumulated.
In Russian there is only one word without a root. This is the word "take out", which has undergone a transformation over the centuries, during which it has lost its root. As early as the beginning of the seventeenth century, it was pronounced as "take out", and it had the material root "nya". Nowadays, it can be found in the words "remove", "hug". Developing the rules of the language changed the root to the suffix "nu". As a result, the word "take out" remained with one suffix.
This is how you need to live your life so that after centuries your name becomes a household name all over the world and even gets into the lexicon of a distant country? According to one version, the word "hooligan" became international at the very beginning of the twentieth century and at the same time the Russian language got into it. In 1922, the word was legislated by an article of the Criminal Code on hooliganism. And it all started either at the end of the eighteenth, or at the very beginning of the nineteenth century. Near London lived a wild family of Irishmen, led by Patrick Hooligan, that was his last name. The family terrorized even the inhabitants of the capital, its representatives staged drinking parties and public brawls. The surname of the family was first fixed in negative quality in English speech, and then migrated to the international level.
And there is such a thing, the employees of the Guinness Book of Records opened Russian spelling dictionaries and found the longest, in their opinion, Russian word. As a result, in 2003, the thirty-five-letter word “highly contemplative” became the record holder. It was found in the work of the writer Nikolai Leskov, namely in the story "Hare Remise". Previous record belonged to the term "X-ray electrocardiographic", thirty-three letters were counted in it and added to the list in 1993. And this despite the fact that in our language there is a name of a chemical ingredient, consisting of fifty-five letters.
“What a beauty! Lepota! - says Ivan Vasilievich, admiring the Moscow of the twentieth century from the balcony. The word "beauty" meant both "beauty" and "splendor", and, accordingly, had the antonym "absurd". Philologists say that in the language, according to one version, until the seventeenth, according to another - even before the nineteenth century, there was the concept of "absurd verbs." At first glance, it seems that these are some strange verbs, but, in fact, all the words were meant. And nouns, and adjectives, and verbs, and other derivatives that had obscene coloring. That is, all obscene words were bashfully called "ridiculous verbs".
V modern interpretation In the Russian language, the word "woman" has acquired a negative flavor, turning into jargon. Although in ancient times it was the honorary title of a respected woman mother. They said about the woman who gave birth that she had “became mad” - she became the mother of the baby, that is, a “woman”. And when the children of this woman had their own children, she switched to new level becoming a grandmother. The syllable "ba" meant "life" and "gates of life", the names of mother and grandmother meant the successors of the family.
Scientists consider the letter "f" borrowed from other languages, and immediately with words. In Slavic words, such a sound was not found. The same Pushkin rarely used the letter, in some fairy tales you can only find the word "fleet". At the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Russian alphabet included this foreign beech and its analogue, fita. Peter I, carrying out language reforms, abolished the letter "f", leaving only fita. After the revolution, the alphabet was changed again, and then they did the opposite: they removed the fita, replacing it with the letter “f”.
Such a "term" Mikhail Lomonosov called the exclamation mark familiar to us. The scientist left his description in his work "Russian Grammar", there are also the basic rules for using the punctuation mark. The exclamation mark has a very respectable age, Melety Smotrytsky wrote about it at the beginning of the seventeenth century, in a grammar dating from the eighteenth century, the teacher Vasily Adodurov explained the use of the sign. V Church Slavonic and in ancient Slavic texts it was called "amazing."
The need to somehow display the formed sound on the letter appeared at the beginning of the eighteenth century. At first they tried to introduce the cumbersome “IO” design, but it did not take root. In the autumn of 1783, Princess Dashkova suggested that pundits write the word "Christmas tree". The result of the experiment was the recognition of the need for the letter and "ё" and its official implementation on November 18, 1783. The letter began to be introduced by Derzhavin, and the historian Karamzin made it popular.
There are a lot of “indecent” and “taboo” words in the Russian language; For centuries, people have been inventing, or borrowing from other languages, more decent options. A striking example in the Russian language was the centuries-old chain of designations for a latrine. Initially, it was a "outhouse". The eighteenth century brought a passion for the French language to Russia, therefore, everyone began to visit the “toilet” (the courtiers said about a sensitive topic: “I need to go out” - the word “go out” is translated as “toilet”). At one time, the expressions “retirade” and “latrina” were used, later the more familiar “lavatory” and “toilet” appeared. V modern world we focus on plates with the inscriptions "WC", "00", "M" or "F".
Another gift from Mikhail Lomonosov from his book "Russian Grammar", we know this punctuation mark as brackets. Lomonosov praised brackets, believing that they could accommodate a brief thought without requiring a huge text to be written. Parentheses came into the Russian language long before the birth of the great scientist. Mention of them can be found in the book of Meletius Smotrytsky.
“Exactly this" – such a phrase is often repeated by lazy people who, at the first opportunity, will dump their duties on someone. In difficult situations, such people often avoid punishment by shifting responsibility to another.
“Actually” – word, again, uncertain. The peculiarity of these people is the ability to throw a scandal for any reason.
“Briefly speaking" – lot of nervous, always in a hurry people. Most often, "shorter" is found in the speech of quick-tempered choleric people.
“Actually" – say interlocutors who put their opinion first. They are ready to prove their case until they foam at the mouth. They like to read notations, consider their inner world bright and unique.
"So", "like" – used by people prone to aggression, as well as conservatives.
"Just" – often found in the conversation of a person dependent on the opinions of others. Such people like to look for problems from scratch, they are afraid of responsibility, they often make excuses..
“As if" – word of teenagers and creative people, which unconsciously emphasize the uncertainty in life.
Neither fish nor meat, [neither caftan, nor cassock].
They ate the dog, [choked on their tail].
Mind chamber, [yes the key is lost].
Two pair of boots, [both left].
Fool at least a stake, [he puts his two].
The hand washes the hand, [yes both itch].
If you chase two hares, you will not catch a single [boar].
Whoever remembers the old - to that eye out [and whoever forgets - both to him].
The young scold - amuse [and the old scold - rage].
My tongue is my enemy [before the mind prowls, seeks trouble].
The population of Russia speaks dialects. There are three of them in the country: the Central Russian dialect (Pskov, Tver, Moscow, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Nizhny Novgorod regions), the northern dialect and the southern dialect.
44% of the country's settlements have duplicate names. Most of them are formed from personal names: Alexandrovka, Mikhailovka and Ivanovka.
The longest residence names in Russia are Staronizhesteblievskaya, Verkhnenovokutlumbetyevo, and Starokozmodemyanovskoye.
46 settlements are called a word of 2 letters. For example, the village of Yb in the Komi Republic.
Most of the names begin with the letter "K". About 80,000 toponyms.
The most positive names of the villages can be recognized as the villages of Khokhotuy and Good Bees.
We develop the richness of speech
11 facts about letters
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There are currently 65 in use worldwide. different alphabets. The richest of them is Khmer, it has 72 letters, and the most economical is the alphabet of one of the languages of Papua New Guinea, which needs 11 letters.
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The Phoenicians came up with the alphabet, and the Greeks came up with the idea of introducing vowels into it. The last major improvement to the alphabet was made by Roman scribes in the 4th century AD: they separated uppercase and lowercase letters.
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The oldest letter is "O". It was still in the Phoenician alphabet about 3300 years ago and has not changed at all since then.
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The most common vowel sound in the languages of the world is "A". There is no language that does not have such a sound. It exists even in Abkhazian, where there are only two vowels - “a” and “e”, and in Ubykh, where “a” is the only vowel.
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I am afraid that you will not find truly Russian words that would end with the sound "E": muffler and pince-nez are French words.
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In Russian, the letter "Y" is never at the beginning of a word. But the Turks just adore her. Our word for “cupboard” in Turkey is “yshkaf”. Iraq is called "Yrak" in Turkey.
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Also, oddly enough, the Russian language almost does not tolerate words that begin with a sound and the letter “a”. Take the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language”: there are quite a few words starting with “a”, but almost every one indicates that this word came to us (often along with the subject it denotes) from another language.
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We notice the same thing, however, in other languages. So, for example, in French there are almost no own words that would begin with the letters "x, y, z".
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Linguists will tell you that in Russian there was a vowel sound, something between “e” and “i”, to designate it in writing there was the letter “Yat”. However, in the 19th century, not a single Russian could, with all his will, notice such a subtle difference by ear, and spelling turned into a nightmare for schoolchildren. In the end, "yat" was abolished.
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Open the volume of Pushkin: in most of his poems you will not find the letter “F”, In “The Tale of the Priest”, and among the 30,000 letters of “Poltava” there are only three “f”. Looking through any good dictionary of the Russian language, you will find literally a dozen or two words with “f” in it, which are found only in Russian speech. Moreover, these will be the words “snort”, “fuck”, “falya”, “fufan” and “figly-migli”.
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Letter " solid sign"or as he used to be called" er ", now he behaves quietly and calmly. But until recently, schoolchildren who were learning to read and write suffered terrible misfortunes from this letter. Until 1917, in the phrase "Then they wrote about a firm sign with anger and indignation .." 4 "era" would have to be put. In the 1897 edition of War and Peace, there are 54-55 solid characters per page. That's 70+ useless pages! If you count all the books, it turns out that in Tsarist Russia about eight and a half million pages were printed annually, covered from top to bottom only with hard characters.
10 facts about the Russian language
I would have learned Russian only because
That no one really knows him
Russian is the native language for 170 million people, the second language - for 114 million. The total number of carriers is about 300 million.
Russian is one of the five most translated languages in the world.
Russian is the most widely spoken Slavic languages and the most numerous language in Europe (both geographically and in terms of the number of native speakers).
Russian is an international space language: its study is mandatory for astronauts going to the International Space Station.
Russian is one of the working languages of the UN.
The Russian language had two more names in addition to the modern one: Russian and Great Russian.
The Russian language has served as the basis for many mixed and derived languages.
Almost all Russian words that begin with the letter "a" are borrowed.
Almost all words of the Russian language with the letter "f" are also borrowed.
Many words that we often use in speech were invented by writers.
10 facts about words
"Express immortal things in mortal words."
Lucretius
The words bull and bee - single root. The fact is that in the works of ancient Russian literature the word bee was written as “bechela”. The alternation of vowels ъ / ы is explained by the origin of both sounds from the same Indo-European sound U. If we recall the dialect verb roar, buzz, buzz and is etymologically related to the words bee, insect and bull, it becomes clear what was the common meaning of these nouns - producing a certain sound.
The words rocket and racket etymologically unrelated. "Rocket" appeared in Russian under Peter I from German, and in German, in turn, from the Italian "rosshetta", which means "spindle". This is due to the fact that cracker rockets resembled a spindle appearance. But the "racquet" came from French, where it was borrowed from the Arabic "rāħat" - "palm".
The words lock (in the meaning of the structure) and lock (in the meaning of the device) are homonyms in Russian not by chance. These words came to us through Polish and Czech languages by lexical tracing from German, where both “castle” and “castle” are pronounced the same - “Schloß”. The German word, in turn, is derived from the Latin "clūsa". This homonymy arose due to the fact that the castle in a key geographical point, as it were, "locks" the passage of enemy troops deep into its territory.
Word mediocre today it is mainly used in the sense of "talentless", having no talent. However, it is based on the Turkic word "talan", which means "happiness, prey". Thus, the word "untalented" in the original meant simply "unhappy" and initially had nothing to do with talent, and the modern meaning arose due to confusion and confusion with the word untalented .
V different sources can be found different variants the longest word in Russian. For example, in the Guinness Book of Records this word is - highly contemplative , and in the spelling dictionary of the Russian Academy of Sciences - water mud peat paraffin treatment .
The words souffle and prompter have little in common in meaning, but both come from the French "souffle" (exhalation, breath). The soufflé is so named because it is light and airy, and the prompter because it must prompt the actors very quietly.
Word umbrella appeared in Russian from Dutch in this form. Later, it was perceived by the people as a diminutive, and for large umbrellas they began to use the word umbrella .
There are words in Russian that start with "y". These are the names of Russian cities and rivers: Ygyatta, Ylymakh, Ynakhsyt, Ynykchansky, Ytyk-kuyol .
Word a week , it turns out, is formed on the basis of the phrase do not do, and originally “week” meant “rest day”.
The only words in Russian with three letters "e" in a row are long-necked (and others on the neck, for example, crooked, short) and snake-eater .
The word "respectively" is both the longest preposition and the longest conjunction
The longest verbs are to re-examine, to substantiate and to internationalize
The longest adjective with a hyphen is agricultural engineering
The longest hyphenated nouns are uprooter-bulldozer-loader and animate-inanimate
The longest noun without a hyphen is water and peat paraffin treatment
The longest adjective without a hyphen is electrophotosemiconductor
The longest word consists of 1913 letters (this is the name of a chemical compound). The Guinness Book of Records considers the longest Russian word "X-ray electrocardiographic". Between its first and last letters, typed in the tenth size, there are about 9 centimeters.
The longest name of the plant is Hidden bell (single-headed).
The longest abbreviation in Russia consists of 55 characters. NIIOMTPLABOPARMBETZHELBETRABSBORMONIMONKONOTDTEHSTROYMONT.
It stands for: "Research laboratory for concrete reinforcement and reinforced concrete operations for the construction of prefabricated monolithic and monolithic structures Department of Technology of the Construction and Installation Department of the Academy of Construction and Architecture of the USSR "
The longest institution name in our country for a long time was: "Department of hygiene, epidemiology, medical police, medical statistics, the doctrine of episodic diseases and veterinary police." Now the department is disbanded, the name has been changed.
Why are the days of the week called so?
Before you can understand why the days of the week are called so, you must first understand that in Old Church Slavonic(and many Slavic peoples- to this day) the word "week" had a different from contemporary value. So they called the last day of the week (analogous to the modern week), a day off when they “didn’t do anything”. Hence, in fact, its name - "week"
Monday
Being the first day of the week, Monday retains in its name the Old Slavonic meaning of "week". This is the day that came after the week (Sunday) - on-week.
Tuesday
The word “second” is already clearly visible in the name of Tuesday, which is quite logical. The second day of the week or the second day after the week - both values are equivalent and correct.
Wednesday
The name of the medium comes from the word "middle". Despite the apparent absurdity - after all, the "average" day of the week is the fourth, not the third - there is an explanation for this. The point is that, according to religious customs, Sunday is considered the first day of the week (in many countries this tradition has been preserved to this day, remember at least America and England).
Thursday and Friday
And again, everything is clear - the name comes from the word "four", the fourth day of the week. The same applies to Friday, whose name comes from the word "five".
Saturday
The name of the Sabbath comes from the Hebrew word "sabbath" ("shabbat" - "peace", "rest from work"). Indeed, the Jewish religion has always considered the Sabbath as a day of rest.
Sunday
It is easy to guess that the name of the seventh day of the week is associated with a great event - the Resurrection of Jesus Christ. That is why, with the introduction of Christianity, the old Russian name last day week has been changed to "Sunday". And the word "week" has since been used only in a new meaning, replacing the old Russian week.
Interesting facts about letters in pictures
Interesting article about knowledge of the Russian language
Do you respect native language? Read to the end!
The number of books read gradually translates into the quality of writing. Active readers discover by fifth grade that they don't need to know the rules in order to write correctly. The rest make their way through Russian grammar, cursing its confusion and inconsistency.
Grammar should be taught in school. Then it's too late.
What can you talk about with a person who, having a matriculation certificate in his hands, writes “try”, “theirs” and “girl”? Who is mistaken in "-tsya" and "-tsya"? What, besides blatant stupidity, prevents him, having written a verb, to mentally ask himself the question “what to do?” or "what does"?
At least until the writer clearly understands how it differs compound sentence from a complex subordinate, participle from an adjective, in which cases a comma is placed before “how”, why in some cases it is necessary to use a colon, and in others - a dash.
By the way, the ellipsis instead of a comma is not the author's punctuation. For example: "I am sitting on the windowsill ... and I see ... that it is raining outside the window ... small and nasty ... as always in this city ...". This is an attempt by vanilla girls to pass off unsteady handling of punctuation as melancholy.
No, this is not snobbery, because language is not a thing, not personal quality, not a property, and certainly not a way to rise above others.
Language is another means of understanding the world, like sight or hearing.
Why do people who would never dream of depriving themselves of sight deliberately deprive themselves of their language?
Where does this “why write correctly, we are not on the exam” come from?
Why, standing in front of the mirror in the morning, no one thinks “I’ll put on sweatpants, we’re not at a fashion show” or “I’m not going to brush my teeth, we’re not at a fresh breath contest”? ...
Why do people who do not think to deprive themselves of their hearing calmly say "gritting their hearts"? Where did they hear the beating of the heart?
It is absurd to justify "but I know physics, and you?".
Language is not a profession. This is a means of communication. For physicists, mathematicians, linguists, artists, miners, turners.
Perhaps the only reliable means connections with the world.
126 most rare words Russian language
The list is strange in places, but still interesting
Multifora is the most common file for documents
Gap - threaten
Trash-blam (or halam-balam) - “This is not halam-balam for you!”
Kichkinka - baby, an appeal to a little girl - not an Uzbek, but not a Slav either. From Uzbek. "kichkintoy" - baby.
Yeh-ay-yay - Nizhny Novgorod exclamation of surprise
Kefirka is a girl trying to whiten her face with sour milk (you can see it by the spots of unevenly lightened skin, and they smear her face and neck, sometimes her hands. Ears look amazing at the same time
Dubai - a lady who came from earnings, engaged in prostitution. Or dressing "like Dubai" - bright, tasteless, with an abundance of rhinestones, gold and trinkets.
Oud - part of the body (shameful oud - what is usually called an obscene word).
A rag - a rag, a rag - dense lace
Chuni is a type of shoe. Often this is the name of the general footwear, which is used in order to go out at night for a small need.
Twitch - drink alcohol.
Katavasia - a tangle of everyday affairs or events.
Galimy (or golimy) - bad, low-quality, uninteresting
Yokarny Babai - exclamation (eprst, ezhkin cat, yo-mine, etc.), resentment at the current situation.
Skubut - shave, cut.
Shuflyadka (shuflyada) - small drawer(v desk, wardrobe, chest of drawers, etc.)
Fly - last summer.
Receipt - receipt, bill, ticket, small piece of paper.
Zanadto - too much, too much.
Mlyavasts, mlyavy - relaxation, unwillingness to do anything, fatigue.
To rip - to crack, to make a hole.
Kotsat - spoil.
Coward - to run in small steps.
Scabrous - vulgar
Pyohat, trudge - go slowly, do not keep up with anyone.
Bukhich is an alcoholic party.
Overdressed - very bright, vulgarly dressed.
Khabalka is a rude, uneducated woman.
Klusha - chicken woman (offend.)
To gasp - to hit.
The cant is a mistake.
Spinogryz is a mischievous child.
KargA - crow, old woman.
Runduk - porch.
Podlovka - attic.
Blue - eggplant.
Fisherman, catcher - fisherman.
To nail - to lose.
Kolgotitsya - pushing in the crowd.
Sardonic laughter - uncontrollable, convulsive, bilious, angry, caustic.
Lapidary - brevity, conciseness, expressiveness of the syllable, style.
Algolagnia - sexual satisfaction experienced: - when causing pain to a sexual partner (sadism); or - due to pain caused by a sexual partner (masochism).
Sublimation is a process in which attraction (LIBIDO) goes to a different goal, far from sexual satisfaction, and the energy of instincts is transformed into socially acceptable, morally approved.
Lyalichnaya, lyalichnaya - something very childish.
Buy - make purchases.
Transcendent - incomprehensible to human understanding
Eschatology - ideas about the end of the world.
An apologist is a Christian writer who defends Christianity from criticism.
Flute - a vertical groove on a column.
Anagoga is an allegorical explanation of biblical texts.
Lucullus - a feast.
Axelbows are those plastic things at the end of shoelaces.
Amikoshonstvo - unceremonious, inappropriately familiar address under the guise of a friendly one.
Honeymoon (honeymoon in English) - we believe that this is the first month of the newlyweds, but in English language the word is broken down into "honey" and "moon". Most likely English word"honeymoon" implies that the ordinary moon, which in the representation of Americans in the form of cheese, becomes honey.
A money-grubber is a self-serving person striving for profit. How many are around us
To bang (“he bangs”, “to get out”, “don’t get out”) - to bully, “to pull out”, to show off.
MorosYaka, pamorha (emphasis on the first syllable) - drizzling rain in warm weather and sun.
To sway (do not sway) - to excite something, to sway.
Vehotka, vehotka - sponge (rag, washcloth) for washing dishes, body, etc.
Obscene (noun. "obscene") - vulgar, shameless.
Silly - stupid.
Korchik, he is a scoop - a small saucepan with a long handle.
Pastik - a core for a fountain pen.
Pass on the ball - the same as for free.
To the top with a bang - upside down.
Kagalom - all together.
Wake up - mess around, not find a place before falling asleep in bed.
Kiss, kiss - kiss.
Trandychikha (tryndet) - a woman idle talker (to speak nonsense).
Nonsense - verbal nonsense.
Trichomudia - junk, husband. sexual organs.
Hezat - to defecate.
Bundel (bundul) - big bottle, bottle
Gamanok - wallet.
Buza - mud, thick.
Shkandybat - trudge, go.
Walk - walk, run.
Zhirovka - invoice for payment.
Ayda - let's go, let's go (let's go to the store).
Exercise is an exercise. Exercise - do exercises, faire ses exercices
Figlyar is a jester, a swindler.
Fat - talker, braggart.
Skvalyga - stingy.
Yoksel-moksel - used with feeling in moments of complete chaos.
Chaos is a mess.
Chatterbox is a talker.
Mandibles are inept hands.
Rinda - turn.
Pols - the volume of a certain container.
Maza - small (from the Latvian Mazais).
Nonche - today.
Apotheosis - deification, glorification, exaltation of a person, event or phenomenon.
To scold - to scold someone.
Planter, mochilo - a small artificial pond near the garden.
To scold - to scold.
Epidersia - an accident, a surprise.
Perdimonocle is an illogical unexpected conclusion.
Adjust - adjust against.
Skimp - skip something.
Insinuation (from Latin insinuatio, literally - insinuation) - slander.
Hoarding = greed.
SabAn = stairs with a platform (used during wall painting or other construction work).
SamAn = dwelling made of reed bundles smeared with clay.
Sneeze - scold.
Checkbox - mark each matched item in the list with a checkmark.
Mihryutka is a nondescript, frail person.
Dradedam - cloth (dradedam - a type of cloth) (the word is found in classical Russian literature).
Expansion - expansion of boundaries, limits.
De facto - in fact, in fact.
De jure - legally, formally.
A cutter is a cut piece of a product (from life).
Loose - different books in one box at the acceptance in the store.
Perzhnya is nonsense, a trifle.
Checking is the same as jacking.
Herashka (vulg.) - something small and unpleasant, inorg. origin.
The navel is something small, pleasant (Nabokov).
Pomuchtel (chekist.) - Assistant for accounting for bodies.
Triticale (bot.) - a hybrid of wheat and rye.
Rampetka - butterfly net (Nabokov).
Shpak - any civilian (Kuprin).
Bilbock - a toy (to catch a ball on a string with a stick) (L. Tolstoy).
Bibabo - a hand puppet, like Obraztsov's.
Nadys - the other day, recently, spray, brag, brag.
Nache is better.
Igvazdat - dirty.
Mandibles are inept hands.
The center of the world
We often hear: "He considers himself the navel of the earth." Where did the expression "navel of the earth" come from?
It should be noted that each nation determines the location of the navel of the earth in its own way.
The ancient Greeks believed that the center of the human body is the navel. According to legend, the father of the gods Zeus wanted to know where, in this case, the navel of the earth is located. He launched eagles from two "ends of the world". Flying at the same speed, the birds collided in the sky over the place where the city of Delphi later arose. It was then that they began to consider the center of the world.
According to the Jews, for example, Palestine is in the center of the world, Jerusalem is in the center of Palestine, a temple is in Jerusalem, and in the temple is a stone, which is the navel of the earth. According to one version, the Lord closed a hole in the abyss of chaos for them.
And the inhabitants of Altai believe that the navel of the earth is somewhere in their mountains.
Names become words
The stories of the appearance of certain words in the languages of the world are always interesting and entertaining. Particularly impressive are the words, the origin of which is associated with quite real historical figures, be it writers, scientists, rich people or entrepreneurs who invented, rebelled, traveled, did charity work, in other words, did not leave the public indifferent, and therefore their names became common nouns.
Eponym words , as etymologists call them, are common, but we don’t think about their existence or simply don’t know.
Boycott – named after the British steward in Ireland, Charles Boycott (1832–1897), whose land the Irish refused to farm and began a campaign to isolate Boycott from local society.
Cardigan - named after General James Thomas Bradnell, seventh head of the County of Cardigan, who is credited with the invention this subject clothing for the purpose of warming the uniform.
Chauvinism - Nicolas Chauvin, a semi-mythical French soldier, pathetically and vulgarly expressing in his speeches his love for France and for Napoleon Bonaparte in particular.
Whatman - white thick paper High Quality got its name in honor of the English paper manufacturer James Whatman, who in the mid-1750s introduced a new paper form that made it possible to obtain sheets of paper without traces of a grid.
Breeches - the name of the trousers is given by the name of the French general Gaston Galifet (1830–1909), who introduced them for cavalrymen. Later, riding breeches were borrowed by other armies, and even later they entered men's and women's fashion.
Guppy - English priest and scientist Robert John Lemcher Guppy, who in 1886 made a report to members of the Royal Society, in which he spoke about fish that do not spawn, but give birth to live young. After that, he was laughed at.
Tolstoy - this one was named after the great Leo Tolstoy popular view clothes, although the writer himself wore a shirt of a slightly different cut.
The guillotine - the execution tool is named after the French doctor Joseph-Ignace Guyotin, who, although he did not invent it, in 1789 for the first time suggested cutting off heads using this mechanism, which was considered "more humane."
Tapestry - the word originated in France in the 17th century, when the royal tapestry manufactory was opened there, the products of which were very popular, and in some countries everything that was done using the tapestry weaving technique was called a tapestry.
Olivier - the famous salad got its name in honor of its creator, chef Lucien Olivier, who owned the Hermitage restaurant of Parisian cuisine in Moscow in the early 60s of the 19th century.
Begonia - named after the French nobleman Michel Begon (1638-1710), quartermaster French colonies in the Caribbean, who organized a scientific expedition to the Antilles to collect plants.
Masochism - the term comes from the name of the Austrian writer Leopold von Sacher-Masoch (1836–1895), in whose novels The Divorced Woman and Venus in Furs, despotic women mocked weak men.
Maecenas - the name comes from the name of the Roman Gaius Cilnius Maecenas, who was the patron of the arts under Emperor Augustus.
Lovelace - Sir Robert Lovelace is a character in Samuel Richardson's 1748 novel Clarissa, in which a handsome aristocrat subtly seduces the 16-year-old protagonist.
Saxophone - the instrument is named for Adolphe Sax (1814–1894), Belgian inventor musical instruments. Sachs died in poverty because there was no jazz then.
Sandwich - named for John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich (1718–1792), London minister and gambler who is said to have invented it while playing cribbage. The game had been going on for several hours, and the minister did not find time to eat. John Montagu asked to be served food between two slices of bread. His fellow gamers liked this way of eating on the go and ordered sandwich bread too.
Silhouette - Étienne de Silhouette (1709–1767) as Comptroller General of Finance in France under Louis XV taxed external signs wealth (doors and windows, farms, luxuries, servants, profits). He stayed at his post for only 8 months. His name was associated with "cheap painting" - instead of an expensive portrait, it is cheaper and faster to circle the shadow of a person.
Mausoleum - a funerary structure named after the magnificent tomb of the Carian king Mausolus in the city of Halicarnassus in the territory of modern Turkey. Mansard - the word comes from the name of the French architect of the 17th century Mansard, who invented cheap attic space. Macintosh (cloak) is the name of a Scottish technologist who invented make the fabric waterproof by impregnating it with a rubber solution.
Secrets of the Russian language
Famous phrases - full versions
Frequently used phrases and sayings, in which the second half is gradually “lost”. It is marked with brackets.
(found on the net)
Grandmother [guessed] said in two [either rain, or snow, or it will be, or not].
Poverty is not a vice [but twice as bad].
Lucky as a [Saturday] drowned man [there is no need to heat the bath].
A raven will not peck out a crow's eye [but it will peck out, but not pull it out].
It was smooth on paper [yes, they forgot about the ravines, but walk on them].
Goal like a falcon [and sharp like an axe].
Hunger is not an aunt [she won’t bring a pie].
The lip is not a fool [tongue is not a shovel].
Two pair of boots [yes, both left].
Girlish shame - to the threshold [crossed and forgot].
The work of the master is afraid [and another master of the work].
The road is a spoon for dinner [and there at least under the bench].
Fool at least a stake [he puts his two].
For a beaten man they give two unbeaten [but they don’t hurt, they take].
If you chase two hares, you won't catch a single [boar].
The hare's legs carry [the teeth of the wolf are fed, the tail of the fox is protected].
[And] business time, [and] fun hour.
A mosquito will not knock down a horse [until the bear helps].
Whoever remembers the old - to that eye out [and whoever forgets - both to him].
The hen pecks grain by grain [and the whole yard is in litter].
Dashing trouble is the beginning [there is a hole, there will be a tear].
The young scold - they amuse themselves [and the old men scold - they rage].
Don’t open your mouth at someone else’s loaf [get up early and start your own].
Not all cat Shrove Tuesday [there will be a post].
The woodpecker does not grieve that it cannot sing [and so the whole forest hears it].
A new broom sweeps in a new way [and when it breaks, it lies under the bench].
Alone in the field is not a warrior [but a traveler].
Horses die from work [and people get stronger].
A stick with two ends [hitting here and there].
Repetition is the mother of learning [the consolation of fools].
Repetition is the mother of learning [and a refuge for lazy people].
The drunken sea is knee-deep [and the puddle is up to the ears].
Dust in a column, smoke in a yoke [and the hut is not heated, not swept].
Grow big, [yes] don't be noodles [reach a verst, but don't be simple].
The fisherman sees the fisherman from afar [therefore he bypasses the side].
If you get along with a bee, you will get a honey [if you contact a beetle, you will find yourself in manure].
Seven troubles - one answer [the eighth trouble - nowhere at all].
The dog is in the hay [lies, does not eat and does not give to cattle].
The old horse will not spoil the furrow [and will not plow deep].
You go quieter - you will be farther [from the place where you are going].
Fear has big eyes [but they don't see anything].
Uma chamber [yes the key is lost].
Bread on the table - and the table is a throne [but not a piece of bread - and the table is a board].
Miracles in the sieve [there are many holes, but there is nowhere to jump out].
It is sewn-covered [and the knot is here].
My tongue is my enemy [before the mind prowls, seeks trouble].
Common brands - 1
Toilet
Many mistakenly believe that the familiar word "toilet" is an abbreviation for "universal basin". In Soviet times, toilet bowls were supplied by Unitas (“Unity”), hence the name. The Spanish company "Unitas" has been producing toilet bowls since 1909, including those supplied to Russia. This fact is mentioned in Ushakov's dictionary.
sneakers
The word "sneakers" comes from the American shoe company "Keds", founded in 1916. Lightweight sports shoes, created at first only for sports, soon became everyday shoes for many people. The authors of the name "Sneakers" almost called them "Peds", but changed their minds in time.
hair dryer
Initially, these products for drying and styling hair were produced only by FOEN. The first specialized hair dryer, the progenitor of modern hair dryers, appeared in 1900 in Germany. Included in many languages, the name "foehn" is associated with the registered German mark Foen, and the word itself, "foehn", means a warm alpine wind.
Xerox
Electrographic copier. Xerox devices (pronounced in English as “ZIREX”) dominated the market at one time, displacing other copying technologies, and therefore its trademark has become a household name for a whole class of devices. The word xerox entered the Russian language in the 70s, when the first copiers of the Xerox company appeared in the USSR. Xerox succeeded in eradicating the common word "xerox" from the English language, replacing it with photocopier/photocopy. In Russia, the company is trying to pursue a similar policy under the slogan: “Xerox is Xerox. Xerox is not only a copier. There is, perhaps, the only country in the world where the copier is called not a copier, but a canon (Canon). This country, oddly enough, is Mongolia.
Jeep
Jeep is a term used in many countries for off-road vehicles. V last years Chrysler insists on the term SUV, despite the fact that the word "jeep" was originally a common noun in English (slang formed from the abbreviation GP - general purpose, " general purpose”) The word is derived from the abbreviation JP (JP) in the name of the car "Willys JP", produced by the company "Willis" during the Second World War.
Diapers
Trademark of Procter & Gamble. Disposable diapers with desiccant. "Pampers" refers to all diapers, not just products from P&G. Currently, the brand has replaced the word "diaper", it has become of little use.
Petrolatum
An oil refinery product used in cosmetics. Vaseline is a trademark of cosmetics firm Unilever (formerly owned by the inventors of Chesebrough-Ponds Vaseline).
Aspirin
Acetylsalicylic acid (an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic medicine). Bayer trademark.
Jacuzzi
Hydromassage bath. The name comes from the North American firm Jacuzzi Inc., which organized mass production. The company was founded in 1917 by an immigrant from Italy, by the name of Jacuzzi. It still exists.
Scotch
The word is derived from the English Scotch tape - " scottish ribbon» is a trademark of 3M Corporation Roll Tape. Formally, only 3M tapes can be called adhesive tape, since Scotch is a brand of this company. But in modern Russian the word has become a household word and is now called so in Russian-speaking countries adhesive tape any type.
Adhesive plaster
medical plaster for attaching bandages. From 1921 to 2003 the trademark was owned by Beiersdorf AG, and since 2003 by BSN medical GmbH.
Eskimo
Creamy ice cream on a stick covered with chocolate icing. Invented in the first half of the 1920s.
Scuba
Lightweight underwater breathing apparatus. The Aqua-Lung trademark is now owned by the U.S. Divers.
Cologne
From the French brand "Eau de Cologne", literally: Cologne water. Perfumes for men. It is a trademark owned by the heirs of Johann Farina.
Dictaphone
Speech recording device. Dictaphone has changed hands many times in its history and is now part of Nuance Communications.
Diplomat
Small hard case.
Cognac
Strong alcoholic drink brandy produced in the city of Cognac in France, later all brandy in the USSR began to be called cognac.
Gramophone
Portable compact gramophone by Pate. Accordingly, the gramophone records for it bore the official name "Pate disc".
