Front commanders
Meretskov Kirill Afanasyevich
(06/07/1897-12/30/1968) - Marshal Soviet Union (1944)
Kirill Afanasyevich Meretskov was born on June 7, 1897 in the village of Nazaryevo, Moscow province, in the family of a simple peasant. Educated at a rural school, and at the age of fifteen he went to Moscow to work. Here he studied plumbing and later worked in a factory and in workshops. At the same time, he continued to study in the evening and Sunday classes for workers.
During the First World War, he was drafted into the army and took part in the fighting on various fronts.
In February 1917, Kirill Meretskov joined the Bolshevik Party and became one of the organizers of the Sudogda Uyezd Committee of the RSDLP. In May, he was elected secretary of the committee, in July he became chief of staff of the county Red Guard. In the winter of 1917/18, he was appointed district military commissar and took an active part in the creation of the first detachments of the Red Army.
In the summer of 1918, Meretskov was appointed commissar of the Sudogod detachment, which became part of the 227th Vladimir Regiment. He took part in the battles with the White Guards near Kazan, was wounded and sent for treatment.
After graduating from the academy in the fall of 1921, Meretskov was appointed chief of staff of the 1st Tomsk Siberian Division. Three years later he returned to Moscow and began working at the headquarters of the Moscow Military District. In 1928, Meretskov graduated from advanced training courses for senior officers and was sent to the 14th Infantry Division.
In 1931, as part of the cooperation program between the Red Army and the Reichswehr, he was sent to study in Germany. Returning to his homeland, Meretskov is appointed to the post of chief of staff of the Belarusian military district. In 1935, he became chief of staff of the Special Far Eastern Army.
In the autumn of 1936, Kirill Afanasyevich Meretskov was sent to Spain. He was a senior military adviser to the General Staff of the Republic. Meretskov assisted in the formation and training of international brigades, in the defense of Madrid, in organizing the defeat of the Moroccan corps on the Harama River and the expeditionary corps near Guadalajara. From Spain, he returned to his homeland in May 1937.
He continued to move up the ranks, and in the summer of 1937 he was appointed Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Red Army. Since 1938, he simultaneously began to act as secretary of the Main Military Council of the People's Commissariat of Defense. Then Meretskov headed the Volga Military District, and in the winter of 1939 he was appointed commander of the Leningrad Military District. In the autumn of the same year, he became commander of the 7th Combined Arms Army.
With the rank of commander of the 2nd rank, Meretskov participated in the Soviet-Finnish war.
On November 29, 1939, Commander Meretskov signed a plan of operation to defeat the land and sea forces of the Finnish army, and on November 30, the Red Army troops crossed the border. At the same time, aviation bombarded Helsinki and other major cities. During the campaign, Meretskov led the breakthrough of the Mannerheim Line. fighting developed with varying degrees of success. With great difficulty, Soviet troops broke through the fortified Finnish defense lines.
On March 12, a peace treaty was signed in Moscow with Finland, according to which the territory of the Karelian Isthmus with Vyborg was ceded to the Soviet Union.
After the end of the war, Meretskov remained as commander of the Leningrad Military District. During the period from the summer of 1940 until the start of World War II, he was in the position of Deputy People's Commissar of Defense and headed the General Staff for a short time.
In June 1941, Kirill Afanasyevich was arrested in Moscow as a member of the military conspiracy of "enemies of the people" A.I. Kork and I.P. Uborevich. During interrogations, “physical methods of influence” were used against him. He was then released from the NKVD prison without any explanation or apology.
After his release as a representative of the Headquarters, Meretskov was sent to the North-West and Karelian Front s located near Leningrad. On August 8, 1941, having concentrated forces, the German units launched a general offensive against Leningrad. Despite the heroic resistance of the Soviet units, on August 20, the Germans cut the Moscow-Leningrad strategic highway and began to encircle the Soviet troops. In early September 1941, a reshuffle of command personnel began, as a result of which, on September 10, 1941, the overall leadership of the defense of Leningrad was entrusted to Zhukov. However, the blockade of the city could not be prevented. Meretskov led first the 7th and then the 4th armies, and in December 1941 he was appointed commander of the Volkhov Front. The troops of his front successfully defended, and then completed the defeat of the German group near Tikhvin, which was of exceptional importance for the fate of Leningrad.
In January 1943, the troops of the Volkhov Front under the command of Meretskov, together with the formations of the Leningrad Front, participated in the breakthrough Leningrad blockade. When breaking through the blockade, Meretskov proved himself a master of overcoming heavily fortified enemy positions in marshy terrain. The troops of the front dealt the main blow to the enemy through the Sinyavino peat bogs. From the point of view of the maneuverability of the troops, the place was not the best, but Meretskov chose it for two reasons. Firstly, it was the shortest route (only 15 km) to the connection with units of the Leningrad Front, and secondly, here the enemy did not expect an active offensive by the Soviet troops. The main blow was dealt by the 2nd Army of the Volkhov Front, reinforced by a reserve allocated by the Headquarters. Special attention Meretskov focused on artillery, managing to create a high density of fire - up to 100 guns and mortars per one kilometer of the front. Aviation was also active in this direction (14th Air Army). The offensive began on January 12, and after the most difficult seven-day battles, the troops of the Volkhov and Leningrad fronts united - the blockade was broken.
Then, as front commander, Meretskov carried out the Novgorod-Luga operation, which became the beginning of a joint offensive of three fronts (Volkhov, Leningrad and 2nd Baltic) with the goal of finally defeating Army Group North, complete elimination Leningrad blockade and further liberation of the Baltic states.
Meretskov was faced with the task of splitting Army Group North into two parts with attacks on Novgorod and Luga. The main blow was delivered by the forces of the 59th Army, which operated just north of Novgorod, and in order to prevent the enemy from moving away from the city to the south-west, an auxiliary blow was planned south of Novgorod. To do this, the Soviet units had a difficult transition on the ice of Lake Ilmen. For the success of the operation, in order to misinform the enemy, several false places of concentration of troops were prepared in the area between Mgoy and Chudov. Convinced that the main blow would be inflicted in this area, the Germans transferred the main reserves there.
January 14, 1944 59th Soviet army delivered a powerful and unexpected blow to the Germans north of Novgorod. At the same time, other parts of the front crossed Lake Ilmen. Already on January 20, both groups of Soviet troops closed to the west of the city and captured Novgorod on the same day.
Since February 1944, Kirill Afanasyevich Meretskov commanded the troops of the Karelian Front, liberating Karelia and the Arctic. The operations carried out by him were distinguished by the skillful choice of the direction of the main attack, the rational concentration of rifle formations and artillery on it. Meretskov did not forget about the means of transportation and material reserves. The troops subordinate to him were distinguished by clear interaction and excellent organization of their control. Meretskov was the first who decided to use heavy KV tanks in the conditions of the Far North, and his experience turned out to be successful. In October 1944, Meretskov was transferred to Western direction, where for four weeks he fought heavy battles with units of the 20th German army in the Petsamo area.
October 26, 1944 Kirill Afanasyevich Meretskov was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union.
In the spring of 1945, he led the actions of the Primorsky Group of Forces in Eastern Manchuria and North Korea against Japanese troops. Here he applied his experience, gained during the Great Patriotic War, on the action of troops in a wooded and swampy area when breaking through prepared enemy defensive lines.
The Japanese considered the mountainous, densely forested and rugged terrain impassable for large formations. The main blow of Meretskov's troops was delivered along the intermountain valley, and part of the forces of the strike force made a detour of the fortifications. Thus, the Soviet troops advanced in separate directions on a broad front. Bypassing and dismembering parts of the enemy, they successfully broke through his fortifications. By mid-August 1945, the Soviet units achieved significant success, and on August 22 they occupied Dalny and Port Arthur.
After the war, Kirill Afanasyevich Meretskov was the commander of the Primorsky, Moscow and Northern military districts. Then he was appointed head of the Central Rifle and Tactical Courses.
From 1955 to 1964 he served as assistant to the Minister of Defense of the USSR. In April 1964, Meretskov was appointed Inspector General of the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense.
For his military activities, Kirill Afanasyevich was awarded many orders and medals, including the highest military order "Victory".
Kirill Afanasyevich Meretskov died on December 30, 1974. He was buried near the Kremlin wall on Red Square in Moscow.
From the book of the SS Troops without a secrecy stamp author Zalessky Konstantin AlexandrovichCommanders of the higher military formations The highest military formation of Germany during the Second World War was the army group. IN different time headquarters of at least three army groups operated on the fronts, and in total there were 21 of them at different times (including
From the book On the Road to Victory author Martirosyan Arsen BenikovichMyth No. 31. Stalin personally provoked an unjustified fierce competition among the commanders of the fronts who stormed Berlin, which ultimately led to colossal human casualties from our
author Lubchenkov Yury NikolaevichCommanders of the fleets Golovko Arseny Grigorievich (06/23/1906-17/05/1962) - Soviet military leader, admiral (1944) Arseny Grigorievich Golovko was born on June 23, 1906 in Cossack village Cool in the North Caucasus in the family of an employee. His dream was to grow gardens, so after
From the book of 100 great commanders of World War II author Lubchenkov Yury NikolaevichArmy commanders
From the book Invisible Flag. Front-line everyday life on the Eastern Front. 1941-1945 author Bamm PeterCHAPTER 35 Between the Fronts Like the rest of the Western group, we were struck off the lists of the army's personnel. The curtain has fallen. We had to start studying the Russian language - the only one among us who spoke it well was the senior sergeant of the company. In our small
From the book Falsifiers of History. Truths and lies about the Great War (compilation) author Starikov Nikolai Viktorovich1. Germany in the grip between two fronts The decisive successes of the Red Army this year and the expulsion of the Germans from the borders of the Soviet land were predetermined by a series of crushing blows by our troops on German troops, started back in January of this year and then deployed
authorAnnex 5 Extract from the directive of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief to the commanders of the fronts in the Warsaw-Ivangorod operation of October 3 (16), 1914 Holm. General Ivanov. Sedlec. General Ruzsky. According to the maps captured from the German pilots, it is documented that
From the book Commanders of the First World War [Russian army in faces] author Runov Valentin AlexandrovichAppendix 7 Extract from the Directive of the Headquarters of the Commanders of the Fronts on the General Offensive of April 11, 1916
From the book The Work of a Lifetime authorFREEDOM OF DONBASS Plans of the parties. - Preparation of the South-Western and Southern fronts of the Donbass operation. - Fight for Kharkov. - The success of the southerners. - The mining region is liberated. - On the horizon, the Dnieper Crushing defeat Nazi German troops on the Kursk Bulge caused
From the book The Work of a Lifetime author Vasilevsky Alexander MikhailovichBEFORE THE BELARUSIAN OPERATION How the plan of Operation Bagration was born. - Preparation of fronts and armies. - The role of the Headquarters. - I.D. Chernyakhovsky and V.V. Kurasov. - Between Headquarters and fronts. - A few words about the past in post-war coverage For some time the doctors kept me in
From the book "For Stalin!" Strategist Great Victory author Sukhodeev Vladimir VasilievichFronts of the Great Patriotic War (commanders, battles) Northwestern Front (June 1941 - November 1943) Commanders Terms of command Colonel-General F. I. Kuznetsov June - July 1941 Major General (lieutenant general from August 1943) P. P. Sobennikov July -
From the book Nazism. From triumph to scaffold by Bacho JanosArmy commanders hesitate As soon as the communique begins to be broadcast, the OKW building on Bendlerstrasse is seized by even greater confusion. Beck, grumbling, rushes to Stauffenberg and demands from him an account of what is happening with the occupation of the radio stations, which was supposed to happen.
From the book Stalingrad: Notes of the Front Commander author Eremenko Andrey IvanovichA. I. Eremenko, commander of the Stalingrad and South-Eastern fronts. September 1942 K.S.
From the book Great Pilots of the World author Bodrikhin Nikolay GeorgievichCOMMANDERS Henry Arnold (USA) Born June 25, 1886 at Gladwyn, Pennsylvania, the son of a physician. He graduated from high school in 1903. In the same year he enlisted in the US Army. He graduated from the US Military Academy at West Point in 1907. He served in the 29th Infantry Regiment in the Philippines, from 1911 - in the state of New York.
From the book Battle of Kursk: chronicle, facts, people. Book 1 author Zhilin Vitaly AlexandrovichThey commanded fronts, armies in Battle of Kursk BATOV Pavel IvanovichGeneral of the Army, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. He participated in the Battle of Kursk as commander of the 65th Army. Born on June 1, 1897 in the village of Filisovo (Yaroslavl Region). In the Red Army from 1918. Graduated
From the book 1917. The decomposition of the army author Goncharov Vladislav LvovichNo. 37. Telegram from the commanders of the fronts to the Minister of War dated March 18, 1917 V. urgently, c. secret. 2116. 2216. 2203. Today, at the military council of all front commanders under my chairmanship, it was unanimously decided: 1) the armies are willing and able to attack, 2) an offensive is quite possible. This
Fronts of the Great Patriotic War (commanders, battles)
Northwestern Front (June 1941 – November 1943)
The troops of the front took part in the border battles of 1941 in the North-Western direction in the battle for Leningrad. Conducted Toropetsko-Kholmskaya (1942), Old Russian (1942) operations, Demyansk operations (1942 and 1943)
Western Front (June 1941 – April 1944)
The troops of the front took part in border battles (1941), the battle of Smolensk (1941), in the battle of Moscow (1941–1942), the Rzhev-Sychevsk operation (1942), the Rzhev-Vyazemsk, Oryol, Smolensk operations (1943) and carried out the Spaso-Demenskaya operation (1943).
Since April 24, 1944 field administration Western front became known as the 3rd Belorussian Front.
Southwestern Front (June 1941 - July 1942 and October 1942 - October 1943)
At the beginning of the Patriotic War, the troops of the front carried out tank battle near Dubno, Lutsk and Rivne. They participated in the Kiev, Yelets and Uman operations (1941), Barvenkovo-Lozovsky, Voronezh-Voroshilovgrad operations (1942), in the Kharkov battle and the counter-offensive near Stalingrad (1942–1943). With the participation of the Voronezh Front, they carried out the Srednedonskaya operation (1942), participated in the Ostrogozhsk-Rossosh and Donbass operations (1943), carried out the Zaporozhye operation (1943).
Northern front (June - August 1941)
Front troops participated in border battles (1941) in Karelia and on Kola Peninsula, were involved in the defense of Leningrad.
The troops of the front took part in border battles (1941), part of the forces defended Odessa, carried out the Donbass, Rostov defensive and offensive operations(1941), Donbass operation (1942). They participated in the Barvenkovo-Lozovskaya, Voronezh-Voroshilovgrad operations and in the Battle of Kharkov (1942). In the second formation, they carried out the Rostov and Melitopol operations (1943) and took part in the Donbass operation (1943).
Reserve Front (established in 1941 and 1943)
In July 1941, it was created to combine the actions of the reserve armies deployed in the rear of the Western Front. The troops of the front carried out the Elninsk operation, participated in the battle near Moscow.
In 1943, the Reserve Front was created for a short period in March (on March 23-27 it was called Kursk, on March 27-28 - Orlovsky), in April the troops of the front were involved in the Voronezh-Kursk direction.
Central Front (July - August 1941 and February 1943)
The troops of the front took part in the battle of Smolensk (1941). Created for the second time in 1943. Participated in the Kursk defensive and Oryol operations (1943), carried out the Chernigov-Pripyat operation (1943).
The troops of the front carried out the Oryol-Bryansk operation (1941). After the secondary creation, they participated in the Bryansk operation (1943), in the Voronezh-Kastornoye and Oryol operations (1943).
Karelian Front (October 1941 - November 1944)
The troops of the front until June 1944 were on the defensive; then they carried out the Svir-Petrozavodsk (part of the Vyborg-Petrozavodsk) and Petsamo-Kirkenes operations (1944).
Leningrad Front (August 1941 – July 1945)
The troops of the front took part in the battle for Leningrad (1941-1944), in the Baltic operation (1944), in the blockade of the enemy's Courland grouping.
Transcaucasian Front (August - December 1941 and May 1942 - August 1945)
Created to cover the state borders with Iran, Turkey, the defense of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. In December 1941, it was renamed the Caucasian Front. In May 1942 it was created for the second time. During the battle for the Caucasus, he conducted a number of defensive operations on the passes of the Main Caucasian Range (Mogdok-Malgobetskaya, Nalchik-Ordzhonikidzevskaya, Novorossiyskaya and Tuapse). On January 1, 1943, the troops of the Transcaucasian Front went on the offensive. The Northern Group of Forces was transformed into the North Caucasian Front. The Transcaucasian front covered the Black Sea coast and the state border with Turkey and Iran.
Kalinin Front (October 1941 - October 1943)
The troops of the front carried out the Kalinin (1941), Kalinin (1941–1942), Sychevsko-Vyazemskaya (1942), Velikoluki (1942–1943), Dukhovshinsky-Demidovskaya (1943), Nevelskaya (1943) operations, participated in the Rzhev-Sychevskaya (1942) , Rzhev-Vyazemskaya (1942 and 1943) and Smolensk operations (1943).
Commanding General of the Army K. A. Meretskov.
The troops of the front carried out the Luban (1942), Novgorod-Luga (1944) operations, participated in the Sinyavin operation (1942), in breaking the blockade of Leningrad (1943).
Crimean Front (January - May 1942)
Commander Lieutenant General D.T. Kozlov.
The troops of the front carried out defensive operations in the Crimea.
The troops of the front fought defensive battles near Sevastopol, in the lower reaches of the Don, in the Stavropol and Krasnodar directions. The front carried out the Armaviro-Maikop and Novorossiysk (1942), Krasnodar, Novorossiysk-Taman and Kerch-Eltigen operations (1943), participated in the North Caucasian operation (1943) and in the battles on Malaya Zemlya.
Voronezh Front (July 1942 – October 1943)
The troops of the front carried out the Ostrogozhsk-Rossosh, Kharkov defensive and offensive operations (1943) and participated in the Voronezh-Voroshilovgrad (1942), Voronezh-Kastornensk (1943), Kursk defensive (1943), Belgorod-Kharkov (1943) operations.
Stalingrad Front(July 1942 - January 1943)
On September 28, it was renamed the Donskoy, and the South-Eastern - the Stalingrad Front. Participated in the defensive battle and counteroffensive near Stalingrad.
Southeastern Front (August - September 1942)
Commander A. I. Eremenko.
Formed at the expense of part of the forces of the Stalingrad Front. Participated in the Stalingrad defensive operation. Renamed Stalingrad Front.
Don Front (September 1942 – February 1943)
Commander Lieutenant General (since January 1943 Colonel General) K. K. Rokossovsky.
Created as a result of the renaming of the Stalingrad Front. The troops of the front participated in the defense and counteroffensive near Stalingrad, carried out Operation "Ring" to destroy the encircled Nazi army.
Steppe Front (July - October 1943)
Commanding Colonel General (from August 1943 General of the Army) I. S. Konev.
Participated in the completion of the defensive battle near Kursk, the Belgorod-Kharkov operation (1943) and in the battle for the Dnieper (1943).
Baltic Front (October 1943)
Commanding General of the Army M. M. Popov.
He had the task, together with the North-Western, Volkhov and Leningrad fronts, to defeat the group of German fascist armies "North".
Renamed 2nd Baltic Front.
1st Baltic Front (October 1943 – February 1945)
In November 1943 he led an offensive in the Vitebsk-Polotsk direction, carried out the Gorodok operation in December 1943, in 1944 the Polotsk, Siauliai and Memel operations and participated in the Vitebsk-Orsha and Riga operations, in blocking and destroying the Nazi group in Courland. In 1945, he participated in the Insterburg-Koenigsberg operation and the liquidation of the Zemland enemy grouping.
2nd Baltic Front (October 1943 – April 1945)
In November 1943 he led an offensive in the Vitebsk-Polotsk direction, in 1944 he participated in the Leningrad-Novgorod and Riga operations, in blocking the Nazi group in Courland, and in 1945 in its destruction.
3rd Baltic Front (April - October 1944)
Commanding Colonel General (since July 1944 General of the Army) I. I. Maslennikov.
The troops of the front carried out the Pskov-Ostrov, Gartu operations, participated in the Riga operation.
Belorussian Front(October 1943 – April 1944)
Commanding General of the Army K. K. Rokossovsky.
The troops of the front carried out the Gomel-Rechitsa (1943) and Kalinkovichi-Mozyr (1944) operations.
1st Ukrainian front(October 1943 – June 1945)
Formed as a result of the renaming of the Voronezh Front. Conducted Kiev offensive and defensive operations (1943), Zhytomyr-Berdychiv operation (1943–1944), Rivne-Lutsk, Proskurov-Chernivtsi and Lvov-Sadomir operations, Sandomierz-Silesian, Lower Silesian, Upper Silesian operations (1945), participated in the battle for the Dnieper, Korsun-Shevchenko (1944), participated in the Vistula-Oder, Berlin and Prague operations.
2nd Ukrainian Front (October 1943 – June 1945)
It was formed as a result of the renaming of the Steppe Front. Participated in the battle for the Dnieper (1943), carried out the Kirovograd, Uman-Botoshansky, Debrecen operations (1944); took part in the Korsun-Shevchenkovsky and Iasi-Kishinev operations (1944), the Budapest operation (1944–1945), the Vienna and Prague operations (1945).
3rd Ukrainian Front (October 1943 – June 1945)
Formed as a result of the renaming of the Southwestern Front. Conducted the Dnepropetrovsk operation (1943), the Bereznego-Snigirevskaya, Odessa operations (1944), the Balaton operation (1945); participated in the battle for the Dnieper (1943), in the Nikopol-Krivoy Rog, Iasi-Kishinev, Belgrade (1944), Budapest (1944-1945), Vienna (1945) operations.
4th UKRAINIAN FRONT (October 1943 - July 1945)
Formed as a result of the renaming of the Southern Front. He carried out the Melitopol operation (1943) and, together with the Separate Primorsky Army, the Crimean operation (1944), participated in the Nikopol-Krivoy Rog operation (1944). In May 1944 it was abolished and re-established in August. Participated in the East Carpathian and West Carpathian operations (1944), the Prague operation (1945). Conducted the Moravian-Ostrava operation (1945).
1st Belorussian Front (February 1944 – June 1945)
The troops of the front carried out the Rogachev-Zhlobin, Bobruisk, Lublin-Brest (1944), Warsaw-Poznan (1945) operations and participated in the Minsk (1944), East Pomeranian (1945) and Berlin (1945) operations.
2nd Belorussian Front (February 1944 – June 1945)
The troops of the front participated in the Belorussian (1944), East Pomeranian, East Prussian, Berlin (1945) operations and carried out the Mogilev, Bialystok, Osovets (1944) and Mlavsko-Elbing (1945) operations.
3rd Belorussian Front (April 1944 – August 1945)
The troops of the front participated in the Belorussian, Memel (1944), East Prussian (1945) operations and carried out the Vilnius, Kaunas, Gumbinnen (1944), Insterburg-Koenigsberg, Koenigsberg and Zemland (1945) operations.
In addition, during the Patriotic War there were:
It was formed to organize defense on the distant approaches to Moscow at the turn west of Volokolamsk - Mozhaisk - Kaluga. The headquarters of the front was the headquarters of the Moscow military district.
Commander Lieutenant General (since 1942 Colonel General) P. A. Artemyev.
Formed to organize defense beyond the western (Moscow) direction at the turn of Staraya Russa - Ostashkov - Bely - Istomino - Yelnya - Bryansk (about 750 km).
Commander Lieutenant General I. A. Bogdanov.
During the Soviet-Japanese War of 1945
The Trans-Baikal Front was commanded by Marshal of the Soviet Union R. Ya. Malinovsky;
The 2nd Far Eastern Front was commanded by General of the Army M.A. Purkaev;
The 1st Far Eastern Front was commanded by Marshal of the Soviet Union K. A. Meretskov.
From the book History. General history. Grade 11. Basic and advanced levels author Volobuev Oleg Vladimirovich§ 10. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War. Military operations in other theaters of the world war Occupation regime in countries Western Europe. In Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, as well as in the proclaimed independent Slovakia and Croatia - the allied countries of Germany -
From the book History of Russia. XX - beginning of the XXI century. Grade 9 author Volobuev Oleg Vladimirovich§ 30. RESULTS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR THE TRIUMPH OF THE SOVIET PEOPLE. The Great Patriotic War ended with the complete victory of the USSR over Nazi Germany and its satellites. In a bloody fight Soviet people defended the Motherland, defended their sovereignty. Armed forces
From the book Truth by Viktor Suvorov the author Suvorov ViktorMikhail Meltyukhov The Eve of the Great Patriotic War of 1939–1941: The Formation of a Great Power
From the book For what and with whom we fought author Narochnitskaya Natalia AlekseevnaHISTORIOSOPHY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR During the Great Patriotic War, it became clear that the “gone with the wind” liberals, who at one time welcomed the destruction of the Christian empire and the revolution as such, loved Russia less than they hated the “Bolsheviks and
From the book 1941. Leader's trump card [Why was Stalin not afraid of Hitler's attack?] author Melekhov Andrey M.The main mystery of the Great Patriotic War As mentioned above, on the whole, the analytical investigation carried out by me at the level of the home library has so far fully confirmed the correctness of the main provisions of the works of Rezun-Suvorov. Stalin deliberately pushed
From the book Truth by Viktor Suvorov [Collection] author Khmelnitsky Dmitry SergeevichMikhail Meltyukhov The Eve of the Great Patriotic War of 1939-1941: The Rise of a Great Power
From the book History of Russia. 20th century author Bokhanov Alexander Nikolaevich§ 2. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War The invasion of the territory of the USSR by enemy troops became a turning point in the life of everything Soviet people. In one day, all the plans and hopes of tens of millions of people collapsed. The main task was to save the Fatherland from
From the book Questions and Answers. Part I: Second World War. Participating countries. Army, weapons. author Lisitsyn Fedor Viktorovicharmored forces countries participating in the Second World War Tank battles of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War ***What's the problem? Were there tank battalions in which, due to breakdowns, 80% of the equipment remained in the "parks"? ZhBD 48th (on 35x) heavy tank brigade published more than 10 years ago
From the book "Normandie-Niemen" [The true story of the legendary air regiment] author Dybov Sergey VladimirovichBeginning of the Great Patriotic War On June 22, 1941, the Great Patriotic War began. The alignment of forces in Europe turned out to be finally determined without ambiguity - ours and not ours. On June 29, France announced the severance of diplomatic relations with the USSR. Embassy
From the book of 100 prophecies of Rasputin author Brestsky Andrey Ivanovich From the book Domestic History: Lecture Notes author Kulagina Galina Mikhailovna18.2. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War on June 22, 1941, violating the non-aggression pact, German troops invaded the territory of the USSR along the entire length of the western border: 190 divisions (4.3 million people), 3.5 thousand tanks, 4 thousand Wehrmacht aircraft opposed 170 Soviet divisions
From the book What we know and what we do not know about the Great Patriotic War author Skorokhod Yuri Vsevolodovich14. The Church during the Great Patriotic War In today's foreign and domestic media, the Soviet regime, and by inertia today's communists, are portrayed as persecutors of religion and destroyers of temples. Until the early 1930s, such assertions had a basis. but
From the book Russia in 1917-2000. A book for anyone interested national history author Yarov Sergey ViktorovichLessons of the Great Patriotic War Starting the war against the USSR, the German command underestimated its enemy - both in general and in particular. It considered the Soviet civilization an artificial ideological formation and believed that it would be enough to crush it.
From the book Donbass: Russia and Ukraine. History essays author Buntovsky Sergey YurievichDonbass during the Great Patriotic War From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, the work of all industry, transport, Agriculture the mining region was held under the slogan "Everything for the front, everything for victory!" To the military registration and enlistment offices of Voroshilovgrad and Stalin
From the book General History. XX - the beginning of the XXI century. Grade 11. A basic level of author Volobuev Oleg Vladimirovich§ 10. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War. Military operations in other theaters of the World War The occupation regime in the countries of Western Europe
From the book History of Ukraine author Team of authorsThe end of the Great Patriotic War Citizens of Ukraine took part in the liberation campaign of the Red Army, the defeat of Germany and Japan. Their share in the Red Army in 1945 was about a third of the number. In 1943–1944 more than 3,700 thousand people were called up from Ukraine,
It was formed by the decision of the Headquarters of the All-Union Command of August 23, 1941 by dividing the Northern Front into Leningrad and Karelian. The Karelian Front included troops located on the line from Barents Sea to Lake Ladoga (14th and 7th armies, formations and units that covered certain important operational areas). By the middle of 1942, the 19th Army in the Kandalaksha, the 26th Army in the Kestenga and Ukhta, and the 32nd Army in the Medvezhyegorsk directions were formed as part of the front. By the end of 1942, the 7th Air Army was formed from the Air Force of the Front.
In the second half of 1944, the troops of the Karelian Front, with the active participation of the Ladoga and Onega flotillas, carried out the Svir-Petrozavodsk operation, which led to the liberation of Petrozavodsk and all of South Karelia, and together with Northern Fleet- Petsamo-Kirkenes operation. As a result, the Arctic and the northern part of Norway were liberated. On November 15, 1944, in connection with Finland's withdrawal from the war, the Karelian Front was disbanded. Front Commander - Marshal of the Soviet Union K.A. Meretskov (February - November 1944).
It was formed on August 23, 1941 as a result of the division of the Northern Front into the Karelian and Leningrad fronts. The Leningrad Front for a long time led an active defense, covering the approaches to the city on the Neva. In 1944, he switched to decisive offensive operations. In January - February 1944, the troops of the front, together with the Volkhov, 2nd Baltic Fronts and the Red Banner Baltic Fleet, defeated the North Army Group near Leningrad and Novgorod. As a result, Leningrad was completely liberated from the enemy blockade.
In June - August of the same year, the troops of the front, with the active participation of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet, the Ladoga and Onega military flotillas, successfully carried out the Vyborg operation. In July - October 1944, the front participated in the Baltic operation. Having liberated the continental part of Estonia, the troops of the front, in cooperation with the Red Banner Baltic Fleet, cleared the Moonsund Islands from the enemy from September 27 to November 24, 1944. This ended the offensive actions of the Leningrad Front. His troops occupied positions on the Soviet-Finnish border and the coast of the Baltic Sea from Leningrad to Riga. In connection with the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany, the Leningrad Front accepted the surrender of the Kurland group. On July 24, 1945, the Leningrad Front was transformed into the Leningrad Military District. Front commander since June 1942 - Marshal of the Soviet Union L.A. Govorov.
It was formed on October 20, 1943 as a result of the renaming of the Kalinin Front. After the completion of the city operation in December 1943 in February - March 1944, the troops of the 1st Baltic Front, in cooperation with the troops of the Western Front, launched an offensive near Vitebsk and, having broken through the enemy's defenses, improved their positions. Since June 23, during the Belarusian operation of 1944, the 1st Baltic Front, in cooperation with the troops of the 3rd Belorussian Front, carried out the Vitebsk-Orsha operation. Building on their success, from June 29 to July 4, they carried out the Polotsk operation without a pause, advanced 120-160 km with their left wing. In the second half of July, the troops of the front during the Šiauliai operation of 1944 defeated the Panevėžys-Šiauliai grouping of the enemy. In September 1944, the Baltic Front took part in the Riga operation.
In early October, the 1st Baltic Front delivered a blow to Memel (Klaipeda), which was unexpected for the enemy. This important naval port was later liberated on January 28, 1945. In January - February 1945, the 1st Baltic Front part of the forces participated in the East Prussian operation of 1945. On February 24, 1945, the 1st Baltic Front was abolished. His troops, called the Zemland group, are included in the 3rd Belorussian Front. Front Commander - General of the Army I.Kh. Bagramyan (November 1943 - February 1945).
It was created on April 24, 1944 as a result of the division of the Western Front into the 2nd and 3rd Belorussian Fronts. The troops of the front in June - August 1944 participated in the Belarusian operation, in cooperation with the troops of the 1st Baltic Front, from June 23 to 28, they carried out the Vitebsk-Orsha operation. For 6 days, the advancing formations liberated the cities. Vitebsk, Orsha, Bogushevsk, Tolochin and other settlements. From June 29 to July 4, the troops of the 3rd Belorussian Front participated in the Minsk operation. Then the troops of the front carried out the Vilnius, Kaunas and Gumbinen operations. As a result, they reached the state border of the USSR, occupied part of East Prussia and north-east Poland.
In January - April 1945, the troops of the 3rd Belorussian Front took part in the East Prussian and Koenigsberg operations. Front commanders - General of the Army I.D. Chernyakhovsky (April 1944 - February 1945), Marshal of the Soviet Union A.M. Vasilevsky (February - April 1945).
Created February 17, 1944. On April 5, 1944, the front was disbanded. It was re-formed on April 24, 1944. Front troops participated in the Belarusian operation. During it, they carried out the Mogilev operation on June 23-28, 1944, liberated on June 27 the large regional center of Belarus - the city of Mogilev, advanced 60-80 kilometers in 6 days. From June 29 to July 4, 1944, the 2nd Belorussian Front, together with the 1st and 3rd Belorussian Fronts, in cooperation with the partisans of Belarus, carried out the Minsk operation. During it, the capital of Belarus, Minsk, was liberated, more than 100,000 enemy groupings were surrounded and defeated.
From July 5 to July 27, the troops of the front successfully carried out the Bialystok kuyu, and from August 14, the Osovets operation. In the course of further offensive actions, they reached the borders of Poland and East Prussia, capturing bridgeheads on the western bank of the river. Narew. In January - May 1945, the front participated in the East Prussian, East Pomeranian and Berlin operations. On June 10, 1945, the front was disbanded. Front commanders: Colonel General P.A. Kurochkin (February - April 1944), Colonel General I.E. Petrov (April - June 1944), General of the Army G.F. Zakharov (June - November 1944), Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky (November 1944 - June 1945).
It was created on February 17, 1944 as a result of the renaming of the Belorussian Front. From June 24 to June 29, 1944, the troops of the front carried out the Bobruisk operation, surrounded and destroyed more than 6 enemy divisions in the Bobruisk area. From June 29 to July 4, together with the 2nd, 3rd Belorussian fronts and the partisans of Belarus, the troops of the front carried out the Minsk operation. During it, the capital of Belarus - the city of Minsk, was liberated, more than 100,000-strong grouping of Nazis was defeated. Soviet troops gained the opportunity to rapidly advance to the western borders of the USSR.
From January 14 to February 3, 1945, participating in the Vistula-Oder operation, the 1st Belorussian Front carried out the Warsaw-Poznan operation. Dealing the main blow from the Magnushevsky and Pulawy bridgeheads, the troops of the front liberated the capital of Poland - Warsaw, by the beginning of February they reached the river. Oder near Kustrin. In February - March, the troops of the front participated in the East Pomeranian operation. As a result, the entire northern part of Poland was cleared of the enemy. From April 16 to May 8, 1945, the 1st Belorussian Front participated in the Berlin operation. On June 10, 1945, the front was disbanded. Front commanders: Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky (February - November 1944), Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov (November 1944 - June 1945).
Formed October 20, 1943. On the final stage During the war, the troops of the front successfully carried out a number of operations. In the first half of 1944, they participated in the Korsun-Shevchenko operation and carried out the Rivne-Lutsk, Proskurov-Chernivtsi, and in the summer Lvov-Sandomierz operation. In January 1945, the 1st Ukrainian Front, in cooperation with the 1st Belorussian Front in the Vistula-Oder operation, launched an offensive deep into Poland from the Sandomierz bridgehead. In April - May 1945, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front participated in the Berlin and then in the Prague operations. On June 10, 1945, the 1st Ukrainian Front was disbanded. Front commanders: General of the Army N.F. Vatutin (October 1943 - March 1944), Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov (March - May 1944), Marshal of the Soviet Union I.S. Konev (May 1944 - May 1945).
Created October 20, 1943. In January - February 1944, the troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front participated in the Nikopol-Krivoy Rog operation. In April - May 1944, the 4th Ukrainian Front and a separate Maritime Army in cooperation with the Black Sea Fleet and the Azov military flotilla carried out the Crimean operation and liberated the Crimea. On May 16, 1944, the front was abolished. The 4th Ukrainian Front was formed for the second time on August 6, 1944. In September - October 1944, the troops of this front, in cooperation with the 1st Ukrainian Front, carried out the East Carpathian operation.
In January - February 1945, the troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front, in cooperation with the troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, carried out the West Carpathian operation. In the spring of 1945, the troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front cleared the Moravsk-Ostrava industrial region of the Nazi invaders. May 6-11, 1945 they participated in the Prague operation. In July 1945, the 4th Ukrainian Front was disbanded. Front commanders: General of the Army F.I. Tolbukhin (October 1943 - May 1944), General of the Army I.E. Petrov (August 1944 - March 1945), Army General A.I. Eremenko (March 1945 - July 1945).
It was created on October 20, 1943 as a result of the renaming of the Steppe Front. In August 1944, the 2nd Ukrainian Front took part in the Iasi-Kishinev operation. During it, 22 German divisions were destroyed, almost all divisions of the Romanian army were defeated, and Romania was withdrawn from the war on the side of Nazi Germany. In October 1944, the troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front carried out the Debrecen operation, inflicted a heavy defeat on the Army Group South. In the period from October 29, 1944 to February 13, 1945, they, in cooperation with part of the forces of the 3rd Ukrainian Front and the Danube military flotilla, carried out the Budapest operation.
In March - April 1945, the troops of the left wing of the 2nd Ukrainian Front participated in the Vienna operation, in cooperation with the 3rd Ukrainian Front, completed the liberation of Hungary, liberated a significant part of Czechoslovakia and Austria. On May 6-11, 1945, the 2nd Ukrainian Front took part in the Prague operation, during which the rout was completed German army. On June 10, 1945, the 2nd Ukrainian Front was disbanded. Front commanders: Marshal of the Soviet Union I.S. Konev (October 1943 - May 1944), Marshal of the Soviet Union R.Ya. Malinovsky (May 1944 - June 1945).
Created October 20, 1943. During the liberation of Right-Bank Ukraine, the troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front carried out in January-February 1944, in cooperation with the troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front, the Nikopol-Krivoy Rog, and then the Bereznegovato-Snigirevskaya and Odessa operations. With the assistance of the forces of the Black Sea Fleet, they completed the liberation of the south of Ukraine. In August 1944, the 3rd Ukrainian Front took part in the Iasi-Kishinev operation. On September 8, 1944, the troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front entered the territory of Bulgaria. In the period from September 28 to October 20, 1944, the 3rd Ukrainian Front carried out the Belgrade operation. As a result, the capital of Yugoslavia, Belgrade, and most of Serbia were liberated.
The result of the later Budapest, Balaton and Vienna operations was the expulsion of the Nazis from Hungary and eastern Austria. On June 15, 1945, the 3rd Ukrainian Front was disbanded. Front commanders: General of the Army R.Ya. Malinovsky (October 1943 - May 1944), Marshal of the Soviet Union F.I. Tolbukhin (May 1944 - June 1945).
Front commanders. It was on their ability to manage large military groups that success or failure in operations, battles and battles depended. The list includes all generals who permanently or temporarily served as front commander. 9 military leaders from among those on the list died during the war.
1. Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny
Reserve (September-October 1941) North Caucasian (May-August 1942)
2. Ivan Khristoforovich (Hovhannes Khachaturovich) Baghramyan
1st Baltic (November 1943-February 1945)
3rd Belorussian (April 19, 1945 - until the end of the war)
On June 24, 1945, I. Kh. Bagramyan led the combined regiment of the 1st Baltic Front at the Victory Parade on Red Square in Moscow. 
3. Joseph Rodionovich Apanasenko
Since January 1941, the Commander of the Far Eastern Front, on February 22, 1941, I. R. Apanasenko was awarded military rank army General. During his command of the Far Eastern Front, he did a lot to strengthen the defense capability of the Soviet Far East.
In June 1943, I. R. Apanasenko, after numerous requests to be sent to the active army, was appointed deputy commander of the Voronezh Front. During the battles near Belgorod on August 5, 1943, he was mortally wounded during an enemy air raid and died on the same day. 
4. Pavel Artemevich Artemiev
Front of the Mozhaisk line of defense (July 18-July 30, 1941)
Moscow Reserve Front (October 9-October 12, 1941)
He commanded the parade on Red Square on November 7, 1941. From October 1941 to October 1943, he was commander of the Moscow Defense Zone. 
5. Ivan Aleksandrovich Bogdanov
Front of reserve armies (July 14-July 25, 1941)
With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he was appointed commander of the front of the reserve armies. Since November 1941, the commander of the 39th Reserve Army in Torzhok, since December, the deputy commander of the 39th Army of the Kalinin Front. In July 1942, after the evacuation of the commander of the 39th Army, Ivan Ivanovich Maslennikov, Ivan Alexandrovich Bogdanov, who refused to evacuate, took over the leadership of the army and led a breakthrough from the encirclement. July 16, 1942, when leaving the encirclement near the village of Krapivna, Kalinin region, he was wounded. Having withdrawn 10,000 fighters from the encirclement, on July 22 he died from his wounds in the hospital. 
6. Alexander Mikhailovich Vasilevsky
3rd Belorussian (February-April 1945) 
7. Nikolai Fedorovich Vatutin
Voronezh (July 14-October 24, 1942)
Southwestern (October 25, 1942-March 1943)
Voronezh (March-October 20, 1943)
1st Ukrainian (October 20, 1943 - February 29, 1944)
On February 29, 1944, N.F. Vatutin, together with his escort, drove out in two cars to the location of the 60th Army to check on the progress of preparations for the next operation. As G.K. Zhukov recalled, at the entrance to one of the villages, “the cars came under fire from the UPA sabotage group. N.F. Vatutin, jumping out of the car, joined the officers in a shootout, during which he was wounded in the thigh. The seriously wounded commander was taken by train to a Kiev hospital. The best doctors were called to Kiev, among them - the chief surgeon of the Red Army N. N. Burdenko. Vatutin received a through wound of the thigh with crushing of the bone. Despite surgery and the use of the latest penicillin during treatment, Vatutin developed gas gangrene. A council of doctors headed by Professor Shamov proposed amputation as the only way to save the wounded, but Vatutin refused. It was not possible to save Vatutin, and on April 15, 1944, he died in the hospital from blood poisoning. 
8. Kliment Efremovich Voroshilov
Leningrad (5-mid September 1941) 
9. Leonid Aleksandrovich Govorov
Leningradsky (June 1942-May 1945)
2nd Baltic (February-March 1945) 
10. Philip Ivanovich Golikov
Bryansk (April-July 1942)
Voronezh (October 1942-March 1943) 
11. Vasily Nikolaevich Gordov
Stalingradsky (July 23-August 12, 1942) 
12. Andrey Ivanovich Eremenko
Western (June 30-July 2, 1941 and July 19-29, 1941)
Bryansk (August-October 1941)
Southeast (August-September 1942)
Stalingradsky (September-December 1942)
Southern (January-February 1943)
Kalininsky (April-October 1943)
1st Baltic (October-November 1943)
2nd Baltic (April 1944-February 1945)
4th Ukrainian (from March 1945 until the end of the war) 
13. Mikhail Grigorievich Efremov
Central (August 7-end of August 1941)
Since the evening of April 13, all communication with the headquarters of the 33rd Army has been lost. The army ceases to exist as a single organism, and its separate units make their way to the east in scattered groups. April 19, 1942 in battle, commander M. G. Efremov, who fought as real hero, was seriously wounded (having received three wounds) and, not wanting to be captured, when the situation became critical, he called his wife, who served as his medical instructor, and shot her and himself. Together with him, the commander of the artillery of the army, Major General P.N. Ofrosimov, and almost the entire headquarters of the army were killed. Modern researchers note the high spirit of steadfastness in the army. The Germans were the first to find the body of M. G. Efremov, who, having deep respect for the courageous general, buried him with military honors in the village of Slobodka on April 19, 1942. The 268th Infantry Division of the 12th Army Corps recorded on the map the place of the death of the general, the report came to the Americans after the war and is still in the NARA archive. According to Lieutenant General Yu. A. Ryabov (a veteran of the 33rd Army), the body of the commander was brought on poles, but the German general demanded that he be transferred to a stretcher. At the funeral, he ordered the prisoners from Efremov's army to be put in front of German soldiers and said: “Fight for Germany the way Efremov fought for Russia” 
14. Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov
Reserve (August-September 1941)
Leningradsky (mid-September-October 1941)
Western (October 1941-August 1942)
1st Ukrainian (March-May 1944)
1st Belorussian (from November 1944 until the end of the war)
May 8, 1945 at 22:43 (May 9 0:43 Moscow time) in Karlshorst (Berlin) Zhukov received from Hitler's Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel unconditional surrender troops of Nazi Germany.
On June 24, 1945, Marshal Zhukov took over the Victory Parade of the Soviet Union over Germany in the Great Patriotic War, which took place in Moscow on Red Square. Marshal Rokossovsky commanded the parade.
Fronts of the Soviet Armed Forces during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945
Belorussian Front (1st formation, 10/20/1943, from 2/24/1944 - 1st Belorussian Front of the 1st formation). Commander - General of the Army K.K. Rokossovsky. Belorussian Front (2nd formation, 04/05/1944, from 04/16/1944 - 1st Belorussian Front of the 2nd formation). Commander - General of the Army K.K. Rokossovsky.
1st Belorussian Front (1st formation, 24.2.1944, from 5.4.1944 - Belorussian Front of the 2nd formation). Commander - General of the Army K.K. Rokossovsky.
1st Belorussian Front (2nd formation, 04/16/1944 - 05/09/1945). Commander - General of the Army, Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky from 29/06/1944 (until 11/16/1944); Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov (until May 9, 1945).
2nd Belorussian Front (1st formation, 24.2. - 5.4.1944). Commander - Colonel General P. A. Kurochkin.
2nd Belorussian Front (2nd formation, 04/24/1944 - 05/09/1945). Commander - Colonel General I.E. Petrov (until 6/6/1944); Colonel General, from 28/7/1944 Army General G. F. Zakharov (until 11/17/1944); Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky (until May 9, 1945).
3rd Belorussian Front (April 24, 1944 - May 9, 1945). Commander - Colonel General, from 26.6.1944 General of the Army I. D. Chernyakhovsky (until 18.2.1945); Marshal of the Soviet Union A. M. Vasilevsky (20.2. - 26.4.1945); General of the Army I. Kh. Bagramyan (until 05/09/1945).
Bryansk Front (1st formation, 16.8. - 11.10.1941). Commander - Lieutenant General A.I. Eremenko (until 10/13/1941); general m. G. F. Zakharov (until 11/10/1941). Bryansk Front (2nd Formation, 12/24/1941, from 12/3/1943 - Reserve Front of the 2nd Formation). Commander - Colonel General Ya. Cherevichenko (until 2.4.1942); Lieutenant General F. I. Golikov (until 7/7/1942); Lieutenant General N. E. Chibisov (until 13.7.1942); Lieutenant General K. K. Rokossovsky (until September 27, 1942); Lieutenant General, from 1/30/194 Colonel General M. A. Reuter (until 12/3/1943). Bryansk Front (3rd formation, 03/28/1943, from 10/10/1943 - Baltic Front). Commander - Colonel General M. A. Reiter (until 5.6.1943); Colonel General M. M. Popov (until 10/10/1943).
Volkhov Front (1st formation, 12/17/1941 - 4/23/1942). Commander - General of the Army K. A. Meretskov. Volkhov Front (2nd formation, 8/6/1942 - 15/2/1944). Commander - General of the Army K. A. Meretskov.
Voronezh Front (07/09/1942, from 10/20/1943 - 1st Ukrainian Front). Commander - Lieutenant General, from 19.1.1943 Colonel General F.I. Golikov (until 14.7.1942 and 22.10.1942 - 28.3.1943); lieutenant general, from 12/7/1942 colonel general, from 2/13/1943 army general N.F. Vatutin (14.7. - 22.10.1942 and 28.3. - 20.10.1943).
Far Eastern Front (formed before the start of the war, from 08/05/1945 - 2nd Far Eastern Front). Commander - General of the Army I. R. Apanasenko (until 25.4.1943); Colonel General, from 10/26/1944 Army General M. A. Purkaev (until 08/05/1945).
1st Far Eastern Front (5.8. - 3.9.1945). Commander - Marshal of the Soviet Union K. A. Meretskov.
2nd Far Eastern Front (5.8. - 3.9.1945). Commander - General of the Army M.A. Purkaev.
Don Front (September 30, 1942, from February 15, 1943 - Central Front of the 2nd formation). Commander - Lieutenant General, from 15.1.1943 Colonel General K.K. Rokossovsky.
Transbaikal Front (September 15, 1941 - September 3, 1945). Commander - Lieutenant General, from May 7, 1943 Colonel General M.P. Kovalev (until July 12, 1945); Marshal of the Soviet Union R. Ya. Malinovsky (until September 3, 1945).
Transcaucasian Front (1st formation, 08/23/1941, from 12/30/1941 - Caucasian Front). Commander - Lieutenant General D.T. Kozlov. Transcaucasian Front (2nd formation, 15.5.1942 - 9.5.1945). Commander - General of the Army I. V. Tyulenev.
Western Front (6/22/1941, from 4/24/1944 - 3rd Belorussian Front). Commander - General of the Army D. G. Pavlov (until 30.6.1941); Lieutenant General A. I. Eremenko (until 2.7.1941 and 19.7. - 29.7.1941); Marshal of the Soviet Union S.K. Timoshenko (2.7. - 19.7. and 30.7. - 12.9.1941); Colonel General I. S. Konev (until 10/12/1941 and 8/26/1942 - 2/27/1943); Army General G.K. Zhukov (10/13/1941 - 8/26/1942); Colonel General, from 27.8.1943 General of the Army V. D. Sokolovsky (28.2.1943 - 15.4.1944); Colonel General I. D. Chernyakhovsky (until 24.4.1944).
Caucasian Front (12/30/1941, from 1/28/1942 - Crimean Front). Commander - Lieutenant General D.T. Kozlov.
Kalinin Front (10/19/1941, from 10/20/1943 - 1st Baltic Front). Commander - Colonel General I. S. Konev (until 26.8.1942); Lieutenant General, from 11/18/1942 Colonel General M. A. Purkaev (until 25 April 1943); Colonel General, from 27.8.1943 General of the Army A.I. Eremenko (until 20.10.1943).
Karelian Front (01/09/1941 - 11/15/1944). Commander - Lieutenant General, from 28.4. 1943 Colonel General V. A. Frolov (until 21.2.1944); Army General, from 10/26/1944 Marshal of the Soviet Union K. A. Meretskov (until 11/15/1944).
Crimean Front (January 28 - May 19, 1942). Commander - Lieutenant General D.T. Kozlov.
Kursk front(March 23, 1943, from March 27, 1943 - Oryol Front). Commander - Colonel General M. A. Reiter.
Leningrad Front (26. 8.1941 - 9.5.1945). Commander - Lieutenant General M. M. Popov (until September 5, 1941); Marshal of the Soviet Union K. E. Voroshilov (until September 12, 1941); Army General G.K. Zhukov (13.9. - 7.10.1941); Major General I. I. Fedyuninsky (8.10. - 26.10.1941); Lieutenant General M. S. Khozin (10/27/1941 - 6/9/1942); lieutenant general, from 15.1. 1943 Colonel General, from 11/17/1943 Army General, from 6/18/1944 Marshal of the Soviet Union L. A. Govorov (until 05/09/1945).
Moscow defense zone (2.12.1941 - 15.10.1943). Commander - Lieutenant General, from 1/22/1942 Colonel General P. A. Artemyev.
Moscow Reserve Front (9.10. - 12.10.1941). Commander - Lieutenant General P. A. Artemyev.
Oryol Front (March 27, 1943, from March 28, 1943 - Bryansk Front of the 3rd formation). Commander - Colonel General M. A. Reiter.
Baltic Front (10/10/1943, from 10/20/1943 - 2nd Baltic Front). Commander - General of the Army M. M. Popov.
1st Baltic Front (10/20/1943 - 2/24/1945). Commander - General of the Army A. I. Eremenko (until 11/19/1943); Army General I. Kh. Bagramyan (until 24.2.1945).
2nd Baltic Front (10/20/1943 - 1/4/1945). Commander - General of the Army, from 20.4.1944 Colonel General M. M. Popov (until 23.4.1944 and 4.2. - 9.2.1945); General of the Army A. I. Eremenko (23.4.1944 - 4.2.1945); Marshal of the Soviet Union L. A. Govorov (9.2. - 31.3.1945).
3rd Baltic Front (21.4. - 10.16.1944). Commander - Colonel General, from 28/7/1944 Army General I. I. Maslennikov.
Primorsky Group of Forces (April 20, 1945, from August 5, 1945 - 1st Far Eastern Front). Commander - Marshal of the Soviet Union K. A. Meretskov.
Reserve front (1st formation, 29.7. - 10.12.1941). Commander - Army General G. K. Zhukov (July 30 - September 12, 1941 and October 8 - October 12, 1941 Marshal of the Soviet Union S. M. Budyonny (September 13 - October 8, 1941) Reserve Front (2nd formation, 12.3. 1943, from 23.3.1943 - Kursk Front. Commander - Colonel General M. A. Reuter. Reserve Front (3rd formation, 10.4. - 15.4.1943) Commander - Lieutenant General M. M. Popov.
Northern Front (6/24/1941, from 8/26/1941 - Leningrad Front). Commander - Lieutenant General M. M. Popov.
Northwestern Front (22.6.1941 - 20.11.1943). Commander - Colonel General F. I. Kuznetsov (until 03/07/1941); Major General P. P. Sobennikov (until 23.8.1941); Lieutenant General, from 28.8.1943 Colonel General P. A. Kurochkin (23.8.1941 - 5.10.1942 and 23.6. - 11.20.1943); Marshal of the Soviet Union S. K. Timoshenko (October 5, 1942 - March 14, 1943); Colonel General I. S. Konev (until 22.6.1943).
North Caucasian Front (1st formation, May 20 - September 3, 1942). Commander - Marshal of the Soviet Union S. M. Budyonny. North Caucasian Front (2nd formation, 24.1. - 20.11.1943). Commander - Lieutenant General, from 1/30/1943 Colonel General I. I. Maslennikov (until 13/5/1943); Lieutenant General, from 27.8.1943 Colonel General I. E. Petrov (until 11/20/1943).
Stalingrad Front (1st formation, 07/12/1942, from 09/30/1942 - Don Front). Commander - Marshal of the Soviet Union S. K. Timoshenko (until 23.7.1942); Lieutenant General V. N. Gordov (until 12.8.1942); Colonel General A. I. Eremenko (until 30.9.1942). Stalingrad Front (2nd formation, 09/30/1942, from 12/31/1942 - Southern Front of the 2nd formation). Commander - Colonel General A. I. Eremenko.
Steppe Front (07/09/1943, from 10/20/1943 - 2nd Ukrainian Front). Commander - Colonel General, from 26.8.1943 Army General I. S. Konev.
1st Ukrainian Front (10/20/1943 - 11/5/1945). Commander - General of the Army N. F. Vatutin (until 2.3.1944); Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov (until May 24, 1944); Marshal of the Soviet Union I. S. Konev (until May 11, 1945).
2nd Ukrainian Front (10/20/1943 - 11/5/1945). Commander - General of the Army, Marshal of the Soviet Union I. S. Konev from 20.2.1944 (until 21.5.1944); Army General, from September 10, 1944 Marshal of the Soviet Union R. Ya. Malinovsky (until May 11, 1945).
3rd Ukrainian Front (10/20/1943 - 05/09/1945). Commander - General of the Army R. Ya. Malinovsky (until May 15, 1944); Army General, from September 12, 1944 Marshal of the Soviet Union F. I. Tolbukhin (until May 9, 1945).
4th Ukrainian Front (1st formation, 10/20/1943 - 5/31/1944). Commander - General of the Army F.I. Tolbukhin (until May 15, 1944). 4th Ukrainian Front (2nd formation, 5/8/1944 - 11/5/1945). Commander - Colonel General, from 10/26/1944 Army General I. E. Petrov (until 3/26/1945); General of the Army A. I. Eremenko (until 11 May 1945).
Front of the Mozhaisk line of defense (July 18 - July 30, 1941). Commander - Lieutenant General P. A. Artemyev.
Front of reserve armies (14.7.1941, from 29.7.1941 - Reserve front of the 1st formation). Commander - Lieutenant General I. A. Bogdanov.
Central Front (1st formation, 26.7. - 25.8.1941). Commander - Colonel General F. I. Kuznetsov (until 08/07/1941); Lieutenant General M. G. Efremov (until 25.8.1941). Central Front (2nd formation, February 15, 1943, from 10/20/1943 - Belorussian Front of the 1st formation). Commander - Colonel General, from 28.4.1943 Army General K.K. Rokossovsky.
South-Eastern Front (08/07/1942, from 09/30/1942 - Stalingrad Front of the 2nd formation). Commander - Colonel General A. I. Eremenko.
Southwestern Front (1st formation, 06/22/1941, from 07/12/1942 - Stalingrad Front of the 1st formation). Commander - Colonel General M.P. Kirponos (until 20.09.1941); Marshal of the Soviet Union S.K. Timoshenko (September 30 - December 18, 1941 and April 8 - July 12, 1942); Lieutenant General F. Ya. Kostenko (12/18/1941 - 4/8/1942). Southwestern Front (2nd formation, 10/25/1942, from 10/20/1943 - 3rd Ukrainian Front). Commander - Lieutenant General, from 12/7/1942 Colonel General, from 13/2/1943 Army General N.F. Vatutin (until 3/27/1943); Colonel General, from 28.4.1943 General of the Army R. Ya. Malinovsky (until 20.10.1943).
Southern Front (1st formation, 25.6.1941 - 28.7.1942). Commander - General of the Army I. V. Tyulenev (until 30.8.1941); Lieutenant General D. I. Ryabyshev (until October 5, 1941); Colonel General Ya. T. Cherevichenko (until 12/24/1941); Lieutenant General R. Ya. Malinovsky (until 28.7.1942). Southern Front (2nd formation, 01/01/1943, from 10/20/1943 - 4th Ukrainian Front of the 1st formation). Commander - Colonel General A. I. Eremenko (until 2.2.1943); Lieutenant General, from 12.2.1943 Colonel General R. Ya. Malinovsky (until 22.3.1943); lieutenant general, from April 28, 1943 colonel general, from September 21, 1943 army general F.I. Tolbukhin (until 10/20/1943).
S. I. Isaev.
